Inking in Aplysia californica. I. Neural circuit of an all-or-none behavioral response.
Inking in Aplysia californica. I. Neural circuit of an all-or-none behavioral response.
复制标题
加州海兔上墨。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.1977.40.3.692
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发表时间：
1977
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
E. Kandel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Carew;E. Kandel
摘要与结论 1. 我们对加州海兔腹部神经节介导的两种行为反应——墨迹和缩鳃进行了行为和细胞神经生理学比较。2．行为研究表明，着墨是一种高阈值行为，其输入输出特征陡峭，接近于全或全无。相比之下，缩鳃是一种低阈值行为，具有渐进的输入输出特征；行为根据引发刺激的强度进行分级。 3. 为了分析介导这两种类型反应的神经机制，我们确定了用于着墨的运动神经元，并将它们与鳃运动神经元进行了比较。我们在腹部神经节的腹侧表面发现了三个墨腺运动神经元（L 14*、L 14* 和 L14c）。运动神经元电耦合并从墨腺的不同区域释放墨水。 4. 接下来，我们检查了鳃缩回和着墨的运动神经元，以确定哪些特征导致了两种行为的行为阈值和刺激反应特征的差异。着墨和鳃收缩阈值的差异可归因于各自运动细胞的三个特征：a) 墨腺运动细胞是沉默的，具有高静息电位和高尖峰启动阈值（需要大约 30 mV 去极化），而鳃运动细胞是自发活动的并且具有低得多的阈值（需要大约 5-10 mV 去极化）； b) 墨腺运动细胞是电耦合的，而鳃运动细胞不是。因此，墨腺运动细胞的输入电阻比鳃运动细胞低。 c) 墨腺运动细胞对来自外套器官和头部区域的中等强度触觉刺激的传入输入较弱，而鳃运动细胞对这些区域的输入较强。
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 1. We have carried out a behavioral and cellular neurophysiological comparison of inking and gill withdrawal, two types of behavioral responses mediated by the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia californica.2. Behavioral studies showed that inking is a high-threshold behavior, which has a steep input-output characteristic approaching all or none. By contrast, gill withdrawal is a lowthreshold behavior with a gradual input-output characteristic; the behavior is graded as a function of the intensity of the eliciting stimulus. 3. To analyze the neural mechanisms that mediate these two types of responses, we have identified the motoneurons for inking and compared them to the gill motoneurons. We have found three ink-gland motoneurons (L 14*, L 14*, and L14c) on the ventral surface of the abdominal ganglion. The motoneurons are electrotonitally coupled and produce the release of ink from different regions of the ink gland. 4. We next examined the motoneurons for gill withdrawal and inking to determine what features account for the differences in behavioral-threshold and stimulus-response characteristics of the two behaviors. The difference in thresholds for inking and gill withdrawal is attributable to three features of the respective motor cells: a) the ink-gland motor cells are silent, have a high resting potential and a high threshold for spike initiation (requiring about 30 mV depolarization), whereas the gill motor cells are spontaneously active and have much lower thresholds (requiring about 5-10 mV depolarization); b) the ink-gland motor cells are electrotonically coupled, whereas the gill motor cells are not. Thus, the ink-gland motor cells, taken together, have a lower input resistance than the gill motor cells; c) the ink-gland motor cells have weak afferent input to moderateintensity tactile stimuli from the mantle organs and head region, whereas the gill motor cells have powerful input from these regions.