Nitrogen Fertilizer Effects on Pea-Barley Intercrop Productivity Compared to Sole Crops in Denmark
Nitrogen Fertilizer Effects on Pea-Barley Intercrop Productivity Compared to Sole Crops in Denmark
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DOI：
10.3390/su12229335
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Ghaley, Bhim Bahadur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cowden, Reed John;Shah, Ambreen Naz;Ghaley, Bhim Bahadur
与单作相比，谷物-豆类间作增加了生物固氮（BNF）的氮（N）输入，并改善了肥料和土壤N的利用，通常导致更高的籽粒N含量和单位土地面积更高的生产力。以往的研究发现，这些影响是更有形的土壤和肥料低氮条件下相比，高氮的可用性，有必要评估在关键作物发育阶段的氮吸收，以时间的氮的最大吸收和利用效率的应用。本研究的目的是评估豌豆-大麦间作与单作相比在0 kg N ha（-1）（0 N）和100 kg N ha（-1）（100 N）下的生产力。2017年，采用裂区试验设计，以豌豆（Pisum sativum）单一作物（SC豌豆）、大麦（Hordeum vulgare）单一作物（SC大麦）和豌豆-大麦间作（IC总）为主区，并在出苗后30天和60天分两次施氮100 kg/ha（-1）作为主区内的子区。豌豆-大麦间作中基于谷物干物质（GDM）产量的土地当量比（LER）（IC总），（0 N时1.14，100 N时1.10），表明与单一作物相比，辐射、养分和水分利用效率高10-14%，与100 N相比，0 N时的资源利用效率高4%;这表明间作总生产力高于单作。100 N处理降低了SC豌豆和间作豌豆（IC豌豆）的GDM和籽粒干物质N（GDMN），增加了SC大麦和间作大麦（IC大麦）的GDM和GDMN。间作增加了籽粒含氮量，从而提高了0 N和100 N处理籽粒蛋白质含量。最高的肥料氮产量，%来自肥料的氮（%NDFF），和%氮利用效率（%NUE）实现SC大麦其次是IC总，表明间作改善土壤和肥料氮的使用相比，SC豌豆。IC豌豆将来自大气的%氮（%NDFA）从SC豌豆中的67.9%增加到IC豌豆中的70.1%。与SC豌豆相比，IC总增加了%NDFF，%NDFS和%NDFA的份额，这表明由于在田间有限的N供应下组分物种的互补性，间作具有显著的优势。
Cereal-legume intercropping increases the nitrogen (N) input from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and improves the exploitation of fertilizer and soil N, often leading to higher grain N content and higher productivity per unit land area compared to monocrops. Previous studies have found that these effects are more tangible under low soil and fertilizer N conditions compared to high N availability, and there is a need to assess the N uptake at critical crop development stages in order to time the N application for maximum uptake and use efficiency. The objective of this study was to assess the productivity of pea-barley intercropping compared to monocropping under 0 kg N ha(-1) (0 N) and 100 kg N ha(-1) (100 N). In 2017, a split plot experimental design was implemented with pea (Pisum sativum) sole crop (SC pea), barley (Hordeum vulgare) sole crop (SC barley), and pea-barley intercrop (IC total) as the main plots and 100 N applications in two 50 kg N ha(-1) splits at 30 and 60 days after emergence as subplots within the main plots. The Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), based on grain dry matter (GDM) yields in the pea-barley intercrop (IC total), was higher (1.14 at 0 N and 1.10 at 100 N), indicating 10-14% greater radiation, nutrient, and water use efficiency compared to the sole crops and 4% greater resource use efficiency at 0 N compared to the 100 N; this illustrated greater total intercrop productivity compared to sole crops. The 100 N treatment decreased the SC pea and pea in intercrop (IC pea) GDM and grain dry matter N (GDMN) and increased the GDM and GDMN in SC barley and barley in the intercrop (IC barley). Intercropping increased the grain N content and therefore the protein content of the grains in 0 N and 100 N treatments. The highest fertilizer N yield, % nitrogen derived from fertilizer (%NDFF), and % nitrogen use efficiency (%NUE) were achieved in SC barley followed by IC total, indicating that intercropping improved the soil and fertilizer N use compared to SC pea. The IC pea increased the % nitrogen derived from atmosphere (%NDFA) from 67.9% in SC pea to 70.1% in IC pea. IC total increased the share of %NDFF, %NDFS, and %NDFA compared to the SC pea, which indicated a significant advantage of intercropping due to the complementarity of the component species under limited N supply in the field.