Residential green space in childhood is associated with lower risk of psychiatric disorders from adolescence into adulthood
Residential green space in childhood is associated with lower risk of psychiatric disorders from adolescence into adulthood
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1807504116
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发表时间：
2019-03-12
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Svenning, Jens-Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Engemann, Kristine;Pedersen, Carsten Bocker;Svenning, Jens-Christian
城市居住与某些精神疾病的高风险相关，但潜在的驱动因素仍然未知。有越来越多的证据表明，暴露于自然环境的程度影响心理健康，但很少有大规模的流行病学研究评估这种关联的普遍存在和重要性。在这里，我们调查的前瞻性之间的关联绿色空间和心理健康的丹麦人口。在个人一级评估了绿色空间存在，使用高分辨率卫星数据计算每个人（相当于100万人）从出生到10岁居住地周围210 x 210平方米范围内的归一化差异植被指数。我们发现，儿童时期高水平的绿色空间存在与以后生活中广泛的精神疾病风险降低有关。与那些生活在最高水平的绿色空间中的人相比，那些在童年时期生活在最低水平的绿色空间中的人随后患精神疾病的风险在各种疾病中高出55%。即使在调整了城市化、社会经济因素、父母精神疾病史和父母年龄后，这种关联仍然存在。儿童时期累积的绿色空间存在与单年绿色空间存在的关联更强，表明整个儿童时期的存在是重要的。我们的研究结果表明，童年时期的绿色空间与更好的心理健康有关，支持将自然环境更好地融入城市规划和童年生活的努力。
Urban residence is associated with a higher risk of some psychiatric disorders, but the underlying drivers remain unknown. There is increasing evidence that the level of exposure to natural environments impacts mental health, but few large-scale epidemiological studies have assessed the general existence and importance of such associations. Here, we investigate the prospective association between green space and mental health in the Danish population. Green space presence was assessed at the individual level using high-resolution satellite data to calculate the normalized difference vegetation index within a 210 x 210 m square around each person's place of residence (similar to 1 million people) from birth to the age of 10. We show that high levels of green space presence during childhood are associated with lower risk of a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders later in life. Risk for subsequent mental illness for those who lived with the lowest level of green space during childhood was up to 55% higher across various disorders compared with those who lived with the highest level of green space. The association remained even after adjusting for urbanization, socioeconomic factors, parental history of mental illness, and parental age. Stronger association of cumulative green space presence during childhood compared with single-year green space presence suggests that presence throughout childhood is important. Our results show that green space during childhood is associated with better mental health, supporting efforts to better integrate natural environments into urban planning and childhood life.