The combination of ecological and case-control data
The combination of ecological and case-control data
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9868.2007.00628.x
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Wakefield, Jonathan C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haneuse, Sebastien J. -P. A.;Wakefield, Jonathan C.
生态学研究的数据是在群体水平上而不是在个人水平上提供的，由于无法描述群体内暴露和混杂因素的变异性，因此容易受到一系列偏倚的影响。为了克服这些偏见，我们提出了一种混合设计，其中生态数据补充了一个样本的个人水平的病例对照数据。我们开发这种设计的可能性，并通过模拟说明其好处，无论是在偏见减少相比，生态研究和效率增益相对于传统的病例对照研究。一个有趣的特殊情况下提出的设计是生态数据的情况下，补充的情况下，只有数据。通过使用1988年以来俄亥俄州县特定肺癌死亡率的数据集来说明该设计。
Ecological studies, in which data are available at the level of the group, rather than at the level of the individual, are susceptible to a range of biases due to their inability to characterize within-group variability in exposures and confounders. To overcome these biases, we propose a hybrid design in which ecological data are supplemented with a sample of individual level case-control data. We develop the likelihood for this design and illustrate its benefits via simulation, both in bias reduction when compared with an ecological study and in efficiency gains relative to a conventional case-control study. An interesting special case of the design proposed is the situation where ecological data are supplemented with case-only data. The design is illustrated by using a data set of county-specific lung cancer mortality rates in the state of Ohio from 1988.