The evolution of dispersal distance in spatially-structured populations
The evolution of dispersal distance in spatially-structured populations
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DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.970209.x
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Dytham, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murrell, DJ;Travis, JMJ;Dytham, C
大多数扩散的进化模型都集中在扩散率上，移民要么是全球性的，要么仅限于最近的邻居。然而，大多数生物体都处于中间区域，其中大多数扩散都是局部的，但扩散距离范围很广。我们使用基于个体的模型，其中包含 2500 个斑块，每个斑块都具有相同的局部动态，并表明分散距离受到选择压力。演化的扩散距离很大程度上取决于生态动态。当扩散成本随距离线性增加时，选择在稳定且阻尼的局部动态下进行短距离扩散，但随着局部动态变得更加复杂，更倾向于长距离扩散。对于稳定、阻尼和周期性斑块动态的情况，即使在非常短距离的扩散下，也会发生全局斑块同步。增加混沌局部动力学的分散规模会增加同步规模，但不一定会发生全局同步。我们根据其他可能的扩散原因讨论这些结果，并论证将非平衡种群动态纳入扩散距离进化模型的重要性。
Most evolutionary models of dispersal have concentrated on dispersal rate, with emigration being either global or restricted to nearest neighbours. Yet most organisms fall into an intermediate region where most dispersal is local but there is a wide range of dispersal distances. We use an individual-based model with 2500 patches each with identical local dynamics and show that the dispersal distance is under selection pressure. The dispersal distance that evolves is critically dependent on the ecological dynamics. When the cost of dispersal increases linearly with distance, selection is for short-distance dispersal under stable and damped local dynamics but longer distance dispersal is favoured as local dynamics become more complex. For the cases of stable, damped and periodic patch dynamics global patch synchrony occurs even with very short-distance dispersal. Increasing the scale of dispersal for chaotic local dynamics increases the scale of synchrony but global synchrony does not neccesarily occur. We discuss these results in the light of other possible causes of dispersal and argue for the importance of incorporating non-equilibrium population dynamics into evolutionary models of dispersal distance.