Psychiatric Symptoms and Diagnoses Among US College Students: A Comparison by Race and Ethnicity
Psychiatric Symptoms and Diagnoses Among US College Students: A Comparison by Race and Ethnicity
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ps.201800388
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Liu, Cindy H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Justin A.;Stevens, Courtney;Liu, Cindy H.
目的：大学生的心理健康挑战是一个严重的公共卫生问题，并且在种族和少数民族群体中可能会加剧。不幸的是，最近缺乏关于这个主题的大规模研究。这项研究提供了一个更新的心理健康经验的美国大学生从少数民族backgrounds.Methods：这是一个回顾性分析的横截面数据，从2015年春季管理的美国大学健康协会-全国大学健康评估（ACHA-NCHA IIB）。对108所大学的67,308名本科生的调查结果进行了分析。结果：无论种族或民族，过去一年自我报告的精神症状和诊断率都很高。与白人相比，少数民族学生的症状和诊断率普遍较低，但有明显的例外。尽管与白人相比，精神病诊断率普遍较低，但被认定为多种族（N= 7，473）或亚洲/太平洋岛民（N= 7，166）的学生更有可能认同感到绝望，如此沮丧以至于难以运作，或被愤怒压倒，更有可能考虑或试图自杀。与白人相比，黑人和西班牙裔赞同较低的精神病诊断率，但有类似的过去一年自杀attempts.Conclusions率：较低的正式诊断的精神疾病可能掩盖显着的心理健康负担少数民族学生，特别是关于自杀的想法和企图在亚洲/太平洋岛民和多种族的学生。来自种族和少数民族背景的学生可能有未被发现的精神问题，因此，在校园里代表一个特别危险的群体。
Objective: The mental health challenges of college students are a critical public health concern, and they may be exacerbated among racial and ethnic minority groups. Unfortunately, there is a lack of recent large-scale research on this topic. This study provides an update on the mental health experiences of U.S. college students from minority backgrounds.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of cross-sectional data from the spring 2015 administration of the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment (ACHA-NCHA IIB). Survey results from 67,308 undergraduates at 108 colleges were analyzed.Results: Past-year rates of self-reported psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses were high, regardless of race or ethnicity. Students from minority groups generally reported lower rates of both symptoms and diagnoses compared with whites, with notable exceptions. Despite reporting generally lower rates of psychiatric diagnoses compared with whites, students who identified as multiracial (N=7,473) or Asian/Pacific Islander (N=7,166) were more likely to endorse having felt hopeless, so depressed that it was difficult to function, or overwhelmed by anger and were more likely to have considered or attempted suicide. Compared with whites, blacks and Hispanics endorsed lower rates of psychiatric diagnoses but had similar rates of past-year suicide attempts.Conclusions: Lower rates of formally diagnosed psychiatric illnesses may obscure significant mental health burden among minority students, especially with regard to suicidal thoughts and attempts among Asian/Pacific Islander and multiracial students. Students from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds may have undetected psychiatric problems and, therefore, represent a particularly at-risk group on campus.