Reconciling novelty and complexity through a rational analysis of curiosity.
Reconciling novelty and complexity through a rational analysis of curiosity.
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通过对好奇心的理性分析来协调新颖性和复杂性。
DOI：
10.31234/osf.io/wg5m6
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
T. Griffiths
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rachit Dubey;T. Griffiths
知识被认为是科学的本质，是认识的组成部分。是什么激发了学习者的好奇心？以前的理论解释好奇心仍然是分裂的新颖性为基础的理论提出，新的和高度不确定的刺激激起好奇心，而复杂性为基础的理论提出，刺激与中等程度的不确定性刺激好奇心。在这篇文章中，我们提出了一个理性的分析好奇心，通过考虑计算问题的好奇心，这使我们能够模拟这些不同的帐户好奇心在一个共同的框架。我们的方法假定，理性的代理人应该探索刺激，最大限度地提高其知识的有用性，好奇心是人类接近这种理性行为的机制。至关重要的是，我们的分析表明，环境的因果结构可以决定好奇心是由高度不确定还是中度不确定的刺激驱动的。这表明，先前的理论不需要争论，而是对好奇心更一般的描述的特例。实验结果证实了我们的预测，并表明我们的理论解释了关于人类好奇心的广泛发现，包括其主观性和可塑性。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019阿帕，保留所有权利）。
Curiosity is considered to be the essence of science and an integral component of cognition. What prompts curiosity in a learner? Previous theoretical accounts of curiosity remain divided-novelty-based theories propose that new and highly uncertain stimuli pique curiosity, whereas complexity-based theories propose that stimuli with an intermediate degree of uncertainty stimulate curiosity. In this article, we present a rational analysis of curiosity by considering the computational problem underlying curiosity, which allows us to model these distinct accounts of curiosity in a common framework. Our approach posits that a rational agent should explore stimuli that maximally increase the usefulness of its knowledge and that curiosity is the mechanism by which humans approximate this rational behavior. Critically, our analysis show that the causal structure of the environment can determine whether curiosity is driven by either highly uncertain or moderately uncertain stimuli. This suggests that previous theories need not be in contention but are special cases of a more general account of curiosity. Experimental results confirm our predictions and demonstrate that our theory explains a wide range of findings about human curiosity, including its subjectivity and malleability. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).