Thunderstorm cloud top dynamics as inferred from satellite observations and a cloud top parcel model
Thunderstorm cloud top dynamics as inferred from satellite observations and a cloud top parcel model
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根据卫星观测和云顶地块模型推断的雷暴云顶动态
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Mack
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Adler;R. Mack
摘要 采用适用于雷暴顶越射区的拉格朗日模型来描述上升气流核心团穿透对流层顶、达到最大高度并在对流塔外围下降时所采取的温度-高度路径。该模型在各种环境和云内条件下运行，以模拟卫星观测中观察到的某些温度-高度关系。观测表明，在大多数观测到的风暴顶中，卫星观测的红外亮温(TB)场冷点与对流超调区的最高点位于同一位置，TB与高度关系接近绝热。地块模型定量地再现了混合参数相对较小的模型运行的这种类型的关系。另一种类型的风暴具有近距离的冷暖结核对联，尺寸约为20-40公里，呈V形冷结核模式。在某些情况下，这些 V 形结构...
Abstract A Lagrangian model applicable to the overshooting region of thunderstorm tops is used to describe the temperature-height path taken by updraft core parcels as they penetrate above the tropopause, reach their maximum height and descend in the periphery of the convective tower. The model is run under a variety of ambient and in-cloud conditions in order to simulate certain temperature-height relationships observed in satellite observations. Observations indicate that in the majority of observed storm tops, the satellite-observed cold point in the IR brightness temperature (TB) field is collocated with the highest point in the convective overshooting region and the TB-height relations are near adiabatic. The parcel model quantitatively reproduces this type of relationship for model runs where the mixing parameter is relatively small. Another type of storm has a close-in, cold-warm TB couplet with a dimension of approximately 20–40 km and a V-shaped cold TB pattern. In some cases of these V-shaped st...