Social Media for Emergency Rescue: An Analysis of Rescue Requests on Twitter during Hurricane Harvey
Social Media for Emergency Rescue: An Analysis of Rescue Requests on Twitter during Hurricane Harvey
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103513
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Zou;Danqi Liao;N. Lam;M. Meyer;N. Gharaibeh;Heng Cai;Bing Zhou;Dongying Li
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Zou;Danqi Liao;N. Lam;M. Meyer;N. Gharaibeh;Heng Cai;Bing Zhou;Dongying Li
社交媒体在灾害应对中发挥着越来越重要的作用，但有效利用社交媒体进行救援具有挑战性。这项研究分析了2017年哈维飓风期间Twitter上的救援请求，其中许多居民诉诸社交媒体寻求帮助。这些目标包括：（1）了解救援请求消息的特征;（2）揭示救援请求的时空模式;（3）确定需要救援的社区的社会地理条件;（4）识别使用社交媒体进行救援的挑战并提出改进策略。大约一半的救援请求要么没有提供足够的信息，要么忽略了包括与救援相关的标签或账户。在824个地理编码的独特救援请求中，41%来自FEMA定义的最小洪水风险区。在Twitter上发送更多救援请求的社区在环境和社会经济方面更脆弱。最后，我们得出了一个框架，总结了改善救援行动中社交媒体使用所需的步骤和策略。
Social media plays increasingly significant roles in disaster response, but effectively leveraging social media for rescue is challenging. This study analyzed rescue requests on Twitter during the 2017 Hurricane Harvey, in which many residents resorted to social media to call for help. The objectives include: (1) understand the characteristics of rescue-request messages; (2) reveal the spatial-temporal patterns of rescue requests; (3) determine the social-geographical conditions of communities needing rescue; and (4) identify the challenges of using social media for rescue and propose improvement strategies. About half of rescue requests either did not provide sufficient information or neglected to include rescue-related hashtags or accounts. Of the 824 geocoded unique rescue requests, 41% were from FEMA-defined minimal flood risk zones. Communities sending more rescue requests on Twitter were environmentally and socioeconomically more vulnerable. Finally, we derived a framework summarizing the steps and strategies needed to improve social media use for rescue operations.