Sociopsychological characteristics of late nonagenarians in Japan: The protocol of the Arakawa 95+ cohort study
Sociopsychological characteristics of late nonagenarians in Japan: The protocol of the Arakawa 95+ cohort study
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日本晚期九旬老人的社会心理特征：荒川 95 队列研究方案
DOI：
10.1111/psyg.12457
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Mimura M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Niimura H;Eguchi Y;Kida H;Suzuki K;Takayama M;Mimura M
目的本研究的目的是研究日本老年人的社会心理特征。我们对95岁及以上的社区人群进行了基线调查。方法研究对象于2016年1月1日在东京都荒川区居住，年龄95岁以上。我们给这些人邮寄了一份调查问卷，以评估他们的身体、精神和社会地位。随后，如果受访者同意，我们进行家庭访谈，并检查他们的身体和认知功能。此外，我们还向非受访者邮寄了一份简化版的完整问卷。此外，我们检查了研究人群的基本登记数据和他们的长期护理保险状况。比较基线和1年随访的数据。结果95岁以上老年人长期护理保险423人（78.0%）处于长期护理水平，35人（6.5%）处于支持水平，84人（15.5%）不需要支持。在1年的随访中，275人（50.7%）的护理水平相同，107人（19.7%）需要更高的护理水平，131人死亡（年死亡率：24.2%）。与简化问卷组（n= 128）和完整问卷组（n= 14）相比，完成完整问卷并进行家庭访谈（n= 26）的男性受访者比例更高，他们只与配偶生活在一起，有更多的日常生活活动，并报告了更多的积极情绪和幸福感。结论中老年人群年死亡率高，护理需求快速增长。然而，有些人的护理水平保持不变，甚至表现出改善和成功的老龄化。
AimThe aim of this study was to examine sociopsychological characteristics of the oldest old in Japan. We conducted a baseline survey of a community‐based cohort of persons aged 95 or older.MethodsParticipants were aged 95+ years and resided in Arakawa Ward in Tokyo on 1 January 2016. We mailed a questionnaire to these individuals to assess their physical, mental, and social status. Subsequently, if respondents agreed, we conducted in‐home interviews and examined their physical and cognitive function. Also, we mailed non‐respondents a simplified version of full questionnaire. Additionally, we examined the basic registered data of the study population and the status of their Long‐term Care Insurance. Data at baseline and 1‐year follow‐up were compared.ResultsWith regard to Long‐term Care Insurance, 423 residents aged 95+ years (78.0%) were on long‐term care level, 35 (6.5%) were on support level, and 84 (15.5%) did not require support. At the 1‐year follow‐up, 275 (50.7%) had the same care level, 107 (19.7%) required a greater level of care, and 131 had died (annual death rate: 24.2%). Compared to the simplified questionnaire group (n= 128) and the full questionnaire‐only group (n= 14), a higher proportion of respondents who had completed the full questionnaire and had in‐home interviews (n= 26) were men, lived only with a spouse, had higher activities of daily living, and reported more positive feelings and well‐being.ConclusionsIn the late nonagenarian population, the annual death rate was high, and care needs increased rapidly. However, some persons maintained the same care level or even showed improvement and successful ageing.