PRIMER ON CERTAIN ELEMENTS OF MEDICAL DECISION-MAKING
PRIMER ON CERTAIN ELEMENTS OF MEDICAL DECISION-MAKING
复制标题
DOI：
10.1056/nejm197507312930501
复制
发表时间：
1975-01-01
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
ADELSTEIN, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MCNEIL, BJ;KEELER, E;ADELSTEIN, SJ
诊断试验的价值在于它能够发现有疾病的病人(它的敏感性)和排除没有疾病的病人(它的特异性)。对于具有双重结果的测试，这些测量是固定的。对于具有连续数值范围的测试，可以选择不同的分界点来调整测试的灵敏度和特异度，以符合医生的目标。统计决策理论和信息论的原理提出了客观确定这些分界点的技术，这取决于医生是否关心医疗成本、财务成本或测试的信息内容。(N Engl J Med 293：211-215,1975)
The value of a diagnostic test lies in its ability to detect patients with disease (its sensitivity) and to exclude patients without disease (its specificity). For tests with binary outcomes, these measures are fixed. For tests with a continuous scale of values, various cutoff points can be selected to adjust the sensitivity and specificity of the test to conform with the physician's goals. Principles of statistical decision theory and information theory suggest technics for objectively determining these cutoff points, depending upon whether the physician is concerned with health costs, with financial costs, or with the information content of the test. (N Engl J Med 293:211–215, 1975)