Repeatability testing of a new Hybrid III 6-year-old ATD lower extremity
Repeatability testing of a new Hybrid III 6-year-old ATD lower extremity
复制标题
新型 Hybrid III 6 年 ATD 下肢的重复性测试
DOI：
10.1080/15389588.2017.1318211
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bolte, John H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boucher, Laura C.;Ryu, Yeonsu;Kang, Yun-Seok;Bolte, John H.
目的：车辆安全性正在提高，从而减少了危及生命的伤害的数量，并增加了对身体其他部位的研究的需要。目前的儿童拟人化测试装置(ATD)没有能力或仪器来测量腿部和车辆内部之间的许多潜在相互作用。研制了一台6岁的混合III ATD下肢(ATD-LE)原型，它包含一个胫骨测压元件和一个更具生物逼真度的脚踝。该装置的重复性尚未评估；因此，目标是评估ATD-LE的重复性。此外，还进行了动态评估以量化损伤阈值。方法：使用气动撞击器在两种速度下评估重复性。ATD-LE固定在一张桌子上，并撞击到前足的足底。分别在1.3米和2.3米/S不穿鞋和2.3米/S穿鞋时进行了三次重复试验。测量胫骨力(N)、弯矩(Nm)、踝关节活动度(ROM，°)和刚度(Nm/°)的一致性。还进行了膝关节支撑安全气囊(KBA)测试的动态评估。ATD-LE的定位模拟了3种最糟糕的情况：脚趾接触中间仪表板，触摸下方仪表板，以及在安全气囊展开之前平放在地板上。直接采集股骨和胫骨的冲击响应，并与已公布的损伤阈值进行比较。结果：公羊冲击试验表明，所测试变量的重复性良好。3种情况下的变异系数分别为：胫骨力1.9~2.7%，胫骨力矩1.0~2.2%，关节活动度1.3~1.4%，踝关节刚度4.8~15.6%。在穿鞋的情况下，胫骨力减少了25%，胫骨弯矩减少了56%。KBA测试表明，由于胫骨在76.2 Nm处记录到高于损伤阈值的高弯矩，因此当脚趾接触下仪表板时，损伤风险可能最高。结论：上述工作表明，ATD-LE在胫骨力、弯矩和踝关节活动度方面具有良好的重复性。ATD-LE能够直接评估脚踝和腿部的碰撞反应，因此能够为工程师和研究人员提供新的信息。有关损伤机制和损伤耐受性的新信息可能会导致损伤的减少，从而有助于提高儿童的安全。
Objective: Vehicle safety is improving, thus decreasing the number of life-threatening injuries and increasing the need for research in other areas of the body. The current child anthropomorphic test device (ATD) does not have the capabilities or instrumentation to measure many of the potential interactions between the lower extremity and the vehicle interior. A prototype Hybrid III 6-year-old ATD lower extremity (ATD-LE) was developed and contains a tibia load cell and a more biofidelic ankle. The repeatability of the device has not yet been assessed; thus, the objective was to evaluate the repeatability of the ATD-LE. Additionally, a dynamic assessment was conducted to quantify injury threshold values.Methods: A pneumatic ram impactor was used at 2 velocities to evaluate repeatability. The ATD-LE was fixed to a table and impacted on the plantar aspect of the forefoot. Three repeated trials at 1.3 and 2.3 m/s without shoes and 2.3 m/s with shoes were conducted. The consistency of tibia force (N), bending moment (Nm), ankle range of motion (ROM, °), and stiffness (Nm/°) were quantified. A dynamic assessment using knee bolster airbag (KBA) tests was also conducted. The ATD-LE was positioned to mimic 3 worst-case scenarios: toes touching the mid-dashboard, touching the lower dashboard, and flat on the floor prior to airbag deployment. The impact responses in the femur and tibia were directly collected and compared with published injury threshold values.Results: Ram impact testing indicated primarily excellent repeatability for the variables tested. For all 3 conditions the coefficients of variance (CV) were as follows: tibia force, 1.9–2.7%; tibia moment, 1.0–2.2%; ROM, 1.3–1.4%; ankle stiffness, 4.8–15.6%. The shoe-on condition resulted in a 25% reduction in tibia force and a 56% reduction in tibia bending moment. The KBA tests indicate that the highest injury risk may be when the toes touch the lower dashboard, due to the high bending moments recorded in the tibia at 76.2 Nm, which was above the injury threshold.Conclusions: The above work has demonstrated that the repeatability of the ATD-LE was excellent for tibia force, bending moment, and ankle ROM. The ATD-LE has the ability to provide new information to engineers and researchers due to its ability to directly evaluate the crash response of the ankle and leg. New information on injury mechanism and injury tolerance may lead to injury reduction and thus help advance the safety of children.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. Whiting;R. Zernicke
通讯作者：
R. Zernicke
原型 Hybrid III 6 岁 ATD 下肢的生物保真度评估
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
L. Boucher;Julie A. Bing;J. Bolte
通讯作者：
J. Bolte
受前向汽车座椅约束的儿童在前后碰撞过程中下肢损伤的碰撞分析。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
Journal of Trauma
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Bennett;R. Kaufman;M. Schiff;C. Mock;L. Quan
通讯作者：
L. Quan
坐在前向儿童约束系统中的儿童的下肢受伤。
影响因子：
2
作者：
J. Jermakian;Caitlin M. Locey;Lexie J. Haughey;K. Arbogast
通讯作者：
K. Arbogast
6 岁行人横向伤害标准 - 第二部分：上肢和下肢标准
影响因子：
24.3
作者：
J. Ivarsson;J. Crandall;Douglas Longhitano;M. Okamoto
通讯作者：
M. Okamoto