Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) reduces adiposity, lowers serum insulin and normalizes glucose tolerance in rats fed a high fat diet
Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) reduces adiposity, lowers serum insulin and normalizes glucose tolerance in rats fed a high fat diet
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/133.4.1088
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Li, ETS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, QX;Chan, LLY;Li, ETS
苦瓜(BM)以其降血糖作用而闻名，但它对喂食高胰岛素高脂饮食的大鼠的影响尚未得到检验。在剂量-反应研究(0.375，0.75和1.5%)中，喂食高脂肪(HF；30%)饲料中添加0.75%或更高剂量的冷冻干燥BM汁的大鼠的口服葡萄糖耐量得到改善(P<；0.05)。在最高剂量下，补充BM的大鼠能量效率较低(P<；0.05)，并倾向于减少内脏脂肪质量(P=0.10)。在随后的实验中，习惯性喂养HF饮食的大鼠要么继续食用HF饮食，要么切换到HF+BM、低脂(LF；7%)或LF+BM饮食7wk。BM的添加量为0.75%。最后提到的两组大鼠的最终体重和内脏脂肪质量与整个过程中喂食低脂饮食的大鼠相似。切换到HF+BM饮食的大鼠体重增加较少，内脏脂肪也较少(P<；0.05)。添加BM不会改变脂肪的表观吸收率。在HF饮食中补充BM改善了胰岛素抵抗，降低了血清胰岛素和瘦素，但升高了血清游离脂肪酸浓度(P<；0.05)。这项研究首次揭示了BM可以减少喂食HF饮食的大鼠的肥胖。BM似乎对葡萄糖和脂肪代谢有多种影响，这些影响强烈抵消了高脂肪饮食的不良影响。
Bitter melon (BM) is known for its hypoglycemic effect but its effect on rats fed a hyperinsulinemic high fat diet has not been examined. In a dose-response (0.375, 0.75 and 1.5%) study, oral glucose tolerance was improved in rats fed a high fat (HF; 30%) diet supplemented with freeze-dried BM juice at a dose of 0.75% or higher (P < 0.05). At the highest dose, BM-supplemented rats had lower energy efficiency (P < 0.05) and tended (P = 0.10) to have less visceral fat mass. In a subsequent experiment, rats habitually fed a HF diet either continued to consume the diet or were switched to a HF+BM, low fat (LF; 7%) or LF+BM diet for 7 wk. BM was added at 0.75%. Final body weight and visceral fat mass of the two last-mentioned groups were similar to those of rats fed a LF diet for the entire duration. Rats switched to the HF+BM diet gained less weight and had less visceral fat than those fed the HF diet (P < 0.05). The addition of BM did not change apparent fat absorption. BM supplementation to the HF diet improved insulin resistance, lowered serum insulin and leptin but raised serum free fatty acid concentration (P < 0.05). This study reveals for the first time that BM reduces adiposity in rats fed a HF diet. BM appears to have multiple influences on glucose and lipid metabolism that strongly counteract the untoward effects of a high fat diet.