Induction of the mucosal immune response.
Induction of the mucosal immune response.
复制标题
诱导粘膜免疫反应。
DOI：
10.1093/cid/10.supplement_2.s440
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mestecky,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Russell,MW;Mestecky,J
分泌型伊加（SIgA）是负责大面积粘膜表面免疫保护的体液因子之一，由驻留在粘膜下层和腺体基质中的浆细胞产生。然而，SIgA抗体的特异性诱导主要通过常见的粘膜免疫系统发生，由此呈递给粘膜相关淋巴组织如肠派尔集合淋巴结的抗原刺激致力于伊加合成的B淋巴细胞。这些细胞通过分泌系统进入循环，最后回到几个遥远的分泌组织。控制粘膜免疫应答的调节细胞和因子开始被阐明。几种细菌和病毒抗原已被用于在人体实验中诱发SIgA抗体，但只有少数口服疫苗已被开发用于临床应用。存在相当大的范围来鉴定适当的免疫原及其在具有合适佐剂的递送载体中的制剂，以诱导针对通过粘膜表面侵入的各种病原体的保护性抗体。然而，几种粘膜病原体分泌特异性切割人IgA 1的蛋白酶。这种逃避机制的全部意义和规避它的方法必须得到解决，以最大限度地提高粘膜免疫的有效性。
Secretory IgA (SIgA), which is one of the humoral factors responsible for the immune protection of large areas of mucosal surfaces, is produced by plasma cells resident in the submucosae and glandular stroma. However, specific induction of SIgA antibodies occurs largely through the common mucosal immune system, whereby antigens presented to the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues, such as intestinal Peyer's patches, stimulate B lymphocytes committed to IgA synthesis. These cells enter the circulation via lymphatics and finally home to several remote secretory tissues. The regulatory cells and factors that govern the mucosal immune response are beginning to be elucidated. Several bacterial and viral antigens have been used to evoke SIgA antibodies experimentally in humans, but only a few oral vaccines have been developed for clinical application. Considerable scope exists for the identification of appropriate immunogens and their formulation in delivery vehicles with suitable adjuvants to induce protective antibodies against a variety of pathogens that invade through mucosal surfaces. Several mucosal pathogens, however, secrete proteases that specifically cleave human IgA1. The full significance of this evasion mechanism and the ways of circumventing it must be addressed to maximize the effectiveness of mucosal immunity.