Aerosol properties and their impacts on surface CCN at the ARM Southern Great Plains site during the 2011 Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment
Aerosol properties and their impacts on surface CCN at the ARM Southern Great Plains site during the 2011 Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment
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DOI：
10.1007/s00376-017-7033-2
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发表时间：
2018-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
T. Logan;Xiquan Dong;B. Xi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Logan;Xiquan Dong;B. Xi
气溶胶颗粒特别重要，因为它们对陆地和海洋上空的云发展和降水过程有影响。气溶胶特性以及气象观测从能源部大气辐射测量（ARM）平台位于南部大平原（SGP）在这项研究中被用来说明大陆云凝结核（CCN）数浓度（NCCN）气溶胶类型和传输路径的依赖性。本研究介绍了2011年中纬度大陆对流云实验现场活动的ARM-SGP观测结果，并与我们以前在2009-10年ARM东北大西洋站点海洋边界层现场活动中的云、气溶胶和降水的工作进行了比较。SGP上空的偏北风反映了干净的大陆性条件，气溶胶散射系数（σsp）值小于20 Mm− 1，NCCN值小于100 cm−3。然而，SGP上空的南风是造成气溶胶负荷（σsp< 60 Mm−1）与NCCN、含碳化学物质（生物质燃烧烟雾）和可降水量之间中度到高度相关性（R）的原因。这表明烟雾气溶胶和水分通过墨西哥湾的共同传输机制，表明对气团类型的强烈依赖。NASA MERRA-2再分析气溶胶和化学数据与地面ARM-SGP数据的相关性中等至高度，这表明该设施可以代表SGP中的地面气溶胶条件，特别是在通过墨西哥湾传输的强气溶胶加载事件期间。未来的长期调查将有助于了解与海洋上空相比，陆地上空气团对气溶胶、云凝结核和云特性的季节性影响。
Aerosol particles are of particular importance because of their impacts on cloud development and precipitation processes over land and ocean. Aerosol properties as well as meteorological observations from the Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) platform situated in the Southern Great Plains (SGP) are utilized in this study to illustrate the dependence of continental cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentration (NCCN) on aerosol type and transport pathways. ARM-SGP observations from the 2011 Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment field campaign are presented in this study and compared with our previous work during the 2009–10 Clouds, Aerosol, and Precipitation in the Marine Boundary Layer field campaign over the current ARM Eastern North Atlantic site. Northerly winds over the SGP reflect clean, continental conditions with aerosol scattering coefficient (σsp) values less than 20 Mm−1andNCCNvalues less than 100 cm−3. However, southerly winds over the SGP are responsible for the observed moderate to high correlation (R) among aerosol loading (σsp< 60 Mm−1) andNCCN, carbonaceous chemical species (biomass burning smoke), and precipitable water vapor. This suggests a common transport mechanism for smoke aerosols and moisture via the Gulf of Mexico, indicating a strong dependence on air mass type. NASA MERRA-2 reanalysis aerosol and chemical data are moderately to highly correlated with surface ARM-SGP data, suggesting that this facility can represent surface aerosol conditions in the SGP, especially during strong aerosol loading events that transport via the Gulf of Mexico. Future long-term investigations will help to understand the seasonal influences of air masses on aerosol, CCN, and cloud properties over land in comparison to over ocean.