Feasibility of Multilayer Solid-State Deposition via Lateral Friction Surfacing for Metal Additive Manufacturing
Feasibility of Multilayer Solid-State Deposition via Lateral Friction Surfacing for Metal Additive Manufacturing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.07.158
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ebrahim Seidi;Scott F. Miller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ebrahim Seidi;Scott F. Miller
横向摩擦堆焊是一种新型的固态沉积工艺，其中旋转的自耗工具的径向表面被迫进入基底表面，从而促进材料转移。这种技术是一种很好的替代方法，可以形成薄而超光滑的金属存款层，用于修复受损表面或提高耐腐蚀性和耐磨性。横向摩擦堆焊方法导致沉积过程具有比常规摩擦堆焊更低的生成过程温度，这导致减少对沉积物的微观结构和机械性能的热效应。在这项研究中，材料转移到基板的程度，探索通过多次通过的工具，努力创造多层沉积材料。实验了两种不同表面粗糙度的基板以及两种不同的使用自耗工具的策略。通过进行实时力测量、表面粗糙度测量、硬度测试、光学显微镜、红外热成像、扫描电子显微镜和EDS分析进行全面评估，以表征工艺和制造的沉积物。涂层的厚度被发现通过工作材料转移到基板和反向材料转移从涂层的径向表面的杆，导致在一个近似稳态的存款厚度。通过摩擦掉先前制造的涂层从涂层到杆的径向表面的反向材料转移过程限制了塑化更多的消耗材料和堆积材料。
Lateral friction surfacing is a novel solid-state deposition process in which the radial surface of the rotating consumable tool is forced into the substrate surface, facilitating material transfer. This technique is an excellent alternative to create thin and ultra-smooth metallic deposit layers for repairing damaged surfaces or improving corrosion and wear resistance. The lateral friction surfacing approach results in a deposition process with lower generated process temperatures than conventional friction surfacing, which leads to reducing thermal effects on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the deposits. In this study, the extent of material transfer to the substrate was explored via multiple passes of the tool in an effort to create multiple layers of deposited material. Two types of substrate plates with different surface roughness as well as two different strategies for employing the consumable tools were experimented. A comprehensive assessment through conducting real-time force measurement, surface roughness measurement, hardness testing, optical microscopy, infrared thermography, scanning electron microscopy, and EDS analysis was performed to characterize the process and the fabricated deposits. The thickness of the coating was found to vary through work material transfer to the substrate and reverse material transfer from the coating to the radial surface of the rod, resulting in an approximately steady-state deposit thickness. The reverse material transferring process from the coating to the radial surface of the rod through rubbing off the previously fabricated coatings limits plasticizing more consumable material and built-up material.