Cognitive factors contribute to speech perception in cochlear-implant users and age-matched normal-hearing listeners under vocoded conditions
Cognitive factors contribute to speech perception in cochlear-implant users and age-matched normal-hearing listeners under vocoded conditions
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DOI：
10.1121/1.5116009
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Oxenham, Andrew J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Neill, Erin R.;Kreft, Heather A.;Oxenham, Andrew J.
本研究探讨了知觉和认知因素对人工耳蜗使用者言语知觉能力的影响。测试了30名CI用户在安静和嘈杂环境下，在有和没有语义上下文的句子中单词的可理解性。研究人员将测试者的表现与光谱纹波检测和辨别能力进行了比较，后者被认为反映了外围处理过程，还与工作记忆和非语言智力的认知能力进行了比较。30名年龄匹配的成年人和30名年轻的正常听力（NH）成年人也参与其中，通过音调兴奋的声码器收听，调整后产生与CI组相当的噪音语音的平均表现。结果表明，CI使用者可能比年轻或年长的NH听者更依赖语义上下文，非听觉工作记忆解释了CI和年龄匹配的NH组之间的显著差异。尽管所有NH听众的频谱分辨率都受到相同声码器的限制，但频谱纹波检测阈值的受试者之间的差异在各组之间是相似的，而CI用户之间的语音感知得分比NH听众之间的差异更大。结果强调了核心因素在解释CI用户个体差异方面的潜在重要性，并质疑了CI中光谱分辨率的标准测量在多大程度上反映了纯粹的外围处理。(C) 2019作者。
This study examined the contribution of perceptual and cognitive factors to speech-perception abilities in cochlear-implant (CI) users. Thirty CI users were tested on word intelligibility in sentences with and without semantic context, presented in quiet and in noise. Performance was compared with measures of spectral-ripple detection and discrimination, thought to reflect peripheral processing, as well as with cognitive measures of working memory and non-verbal intelligence. Thirty age-matched and thirty younger normal-hearing (NH) adults also participated, listening via tone-excited vocoders, adjusted to produce mean performance for speech in noise comparable to that of the CI group. Results suggest that CI users may rely more heavily on semantic context than younger or older NH listeners, and that non-auditory working memory explains significant variance in the CI and age-matched NH groups. Between-subject variability in spectral-ripple detection thresholds was similar across groups, despite the spectral resolution for all NH listeners being limited by the same vocoder, whereas speech perception scores were more variable between CI users than between NH listeners. The results highlight the potential importance of central factors in explaining individual differences in CI users and question the extent to which standard measures of spectral resolution in CIs reflect purely peripheral processing. (C) 2019 Author(s).