Prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated risk factors in postmenopausal women
Prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated risk factors in postmenopausal women
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DOI：
10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00263-x
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发表时间：
1999-07-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Posner, SF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, JS;Grady, D;Posner, SF
目的：了解绝经后女性压力性尿失禁、急迫性尿失禁、混合性尿失禁的患病率及相关危险因素。方法：在参加为期4年的激素联合治疗预防冠心病随机试验前，2763名受试者完成了有关失禁患病率和类型的问卷调查。我们测量了可能与大小便失禁相关的因素，包括人口统计学、生殖和病史、身高、体重和腰臀比。结果：受试者的平均年龄(+/-标准差[SD])为67+/-7岁；89%为白人，8%为黑人。56%的人报告每周大小便失禁。在多因素分析中，白人女性每周应激性尿失禁的患病率高于黑人女性(优势比[OR]2.8，95%可信区间[CI]1.6，5.1)，女性体重指数(BMI)较高(OR 1.1/5单位，95%CI 1.0，1.3)，腰臀比高(OR 1.2/0.1单位，95%CI 1.0，1.4)。老年女性(OR1.2每5年，95%CI 1.1，1.3)、糖尿病女性(OR 1.5，95%CI 1.1，2.0)和既往有两次或两次以上尿路感染的女性(OR 2.0，95%CI 1.1，3.6)每周尿失禁的患病率较高。结论：压力和尿失禁在绝经后妇女中很常见，且具有不同的危险因素，提示危险因素的调整和预防的方法也可能不同，应针对不同类型的尿失禁进行预防。(C)1999年，由美国妇产科医师学会提供。
Objective: To determine the prevalence of stress, urge, and mixed urinary incontinence and associated risk factors in postmenopausal women.Methods: Before enrollment in a 4-year, randomized trial of combination hormone therapy to prevent coronary heart disease, 2763 participants completed questionnaires on prevalence and type of incontinence. We measured factors potentially associated with incontinence including demographics, reproductive and medical histories, height, weight, and waist-to-hip circumference ratio. We used multivariate logistic models to determine independent associations between those factors and weekly incontinence by type.Results: The mean (+/- standard deviation [SD]) age of the participants was 67 +/- 7 years; 89% were white and 8% were black. Fifty-six percent reported weekly incontinence. In multivariate analyses, the prevalence of weekly stress incontinence was higher in white than black women (odds ratio [OR] 2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6, 5.1), in women with higher body-mass index (BMI) (OR 1.1 per 5 units, 95% CI 1.0, 1.3), and higher waist-to-hip ratio (OR 1.2 per 0.1 unit, 95% CI 1.0, 1.4). The prevalence of weekly urge incontinence was higher in older women (OR 1.2 per 5 years, 95% CI 1.1, 1.3), diabetic women (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1, 2.0) and women who had reported two or more urinary tract infections in the prior year (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1, 3.6).Conclusion: Stress and urge incontinence are common in postmenopausal women and have different risk factors, suggesting that approaches to risk-factor modification and prevention also might differ and should be specific to types of incontinence. (C) 1999 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.