Living arrangements and mental health in Finland
Living arrangements and mental health in Finland
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.2005.040741
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Koskinen, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joutsenniemi, K;Martelin, T;Koskinen, S
背景：与已婚人士相比，未婚人士的心理健康状况较差。婚姻状况群体之间的健康差异很大程度上可能是由人际社会联系的相应差异引起的。然而，官方的婚姻状况在一定程度上反映了人们的社会现实，而生活安排可能是衡量社会关系的更好方法。人们对不同生活方式群体的心理健康知之甚少。本研究旨在从心理困扰（GHQ）和DSM-IV精神障碍（CIDI）两方面探讨生活安排对心理健康差异的影响程度和决定因素。方法：数据来自2000年芬兰全国代表性横断面健康调查。总共有4685名参与者（80%）年龄在30-64岁之间；有关于心理健康措施和生活安排的全面资料。生活安排的衡量标准如下：已婚、同居、与伴侣以外的人同住、独居。结果：与已婚者相比，独居者和与他人同住者患焦虑或抑郁障碍的可能性大约是有伴侣者的两倍。同居者和已婚者没有什么不同。在男性中，心理困扰同样与生活安排有关。失业、缺乏社会支持和酗酒使独居者和与伴侣以外的人过度的心理困扰和精神病发病率各降低了约10%-50%。结论：生活安排与心理健康密切相关，尤其是男性。关于生活安排、社会支持、失业和酗酒的信息可能有助于在初级卫生保健中及早认识到精神健康状况不佳。
Background: Non-married persons are known to have poor mental health compared with married persons. Health differences between marital status groups may largely arise from corresponding differences in interpersonal social bonds. However, official marital status mirrors the social reality of persons to a decreasing extent, and living arrangements may be a better measure of social bonds. Little is known about mental health in different living arrangement groups. This study aims to establish the extent and determinants of mental health differences by living arrangement in terms of psychological distress (GHQ) and DSM-IV psychiatric disorders (CIDI).Methods: Data were used from the nationally representative cross sectional health 2000 survey, conducted in 2000-1 in Finland. Altogether 4685 participants (80%) aged 30-64 years were included in these analyses; comprehensive information was available on measures of mental health and living arrangements. Living arrangements were measured as follows: married, cohabiting, living with other(s) than a partner, and living alone.Results: Compared with the married, persons living alone and those living with other(s) than a partner were approximately twice as likely to have anxiety or depressive disorders. Cohabiters did not differ from the married. In men, psychological distress was similarly associated with living arrangements. Unemployment, lack of social support, and alcohol consumption attenuated the excess psychological distress and psychiatric morbidity of persons living alone and of those living with other(s) than a partner by about 10%-50% each.Conclusions: Living arrangements are strongly associated with mental health, particularly among men. Information on living arrangements, social support, unemployment, and alcohol use may facilitate early stage recognition of poor mental health in primary health care.