On the reproducibility of spatiotemporal traffic dynamics with microscopic traffic models
On the reproducibility of spatiotemporal traffic dynamics with microscopic traffic models
复制标题
用微观交通模型研究时空交通动态的再现性
DOI：
10.1088/1742-5468/2012/10/p10018
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Schreckenberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Knorr;M. Schreckenberg
交通流是驱动非平衡系统的一个非常突出的例子。交通动力学的一个特征现象是在一段道路上平均速度的自发和突然下降，导致拥堵。这种交通故障对应于从自由流到拥挤交通的边界诱导相变。在本文中，我们研究了选定的微观交通模型再现交通故障的能力，我们调查其时空动态。对于我们的分析，我们使用的经验交通数据，从固定环路检测器上的德国高速公路显示自发故障。然后，我们提出了几种方法来评估结果和相互比较的模型。此外，我们还将讨论一些重要的建模方面及其对所产生的时空模式的影响。例如，对不同下游边界条件的研究表明，交通中断的物理根源可能是由边界的设置人为引起的。
Traffic flow is a very prominent example of a driven non-equilibrium system. A characteristic phenomenon of traffic dynamics is the spontaneous and abrupt drop of the average velocity on a stretch of road leading to congestion. Such a traffic breakdown corresponds to a boundary-induced phase transition from free flow to congested traffic. In this paper, we study the ability of selected microscopic traffic models to reproduce a traffic breakdown, and we investigate its spatiotemporal dynamics. For our analysis, we use empirical traffic data from stationary loop detectors on a German Autobahn showing a spontaneous breakdown. We then present several methods to assess the results and compare the models with each other. In addition, we will also discuss some important modeling aspects and their impact on the resulting spatiotemporal pattern. The investigation of different downstream boundary conditions, for example, shows that the physical origin of the traffic breakdown may be artificially induced by the setup of the boundaries.