Does community social capital buffer the relationship between educational disadvantage and cognitive impairment? A multilevel analysis in Japan
Does community social capital buffer the relationship between educational disadvantage and cognitive impairment? A multilevel analysis in Japan
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-019-7803-0
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Awata, Shuichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murayama, Hiroshi;Miyamae, Fumiko;Awata, Shuichi
背景：本研究探讨了社区社会资本与认知障碍之间的关系，重点探讨了社区社会资本在日本社区老年人的教育劣势与认知障碍之间的关系中的缓冲作用。方法我们使用了两次以人口为基础的横断面调查数据，调查对象为东京市郊区65岁的人群(n=897；49.8%的男性；平均年龄=74.4岁)。社会资本包括社会支持(情感和工具支持)和社会网络的力量(邻里关系)。为了建立地区层面的社会资本指标，我们汇总了每个地区内个人对社会资本的反应。认知功能评定采用日语版简易智力状态检查法。结果采用多水平Logistic回归分析，我们发现地区层面的情感支持和工具性支持越少，男性认知损害的可能性就越大。对于女性来说，地区层面的情感支持与认知障碍的可能性更大相关。此外，一个强大的地区级社会网络缓冲了低教育程度与认知障碍之间的关系。结论社区社会资本对老年人的认知功能具有保护作用。我们的发现可能有助于开发以社区为基础的新策略来对抗痴呆症。
Background This study explored the relationship between community social capital and cognitive impairment, with a focus on the buffering role of community social capital in the association between educational disadvantage and cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Japan. Methods We used data from two population-based, cross-sectional surveys targeting people aged >= 65 years in a suburban city of the Tokyo metropolitan area (n = 897; 49.8% men; average age = 74.4 years). Social capital included social support (emotional and instrumental support) and the strength of social networks (neighborly ties). To create district-level social capital indicators, we aggregated individual responses on social capital within each district. The Mini-Mental State Examination, Japanese version was used for the assessment of cognitive function. Results Using multilevel logistic regression analysis, we found that lower amounts of district-level emotional and instrumental support were associated with a greater likelihood of cognitive impairment among men. For women, district-level emotional support was associated with a greater likelihood of cognitive impairment. Additionally, a strong district-level social network buffered the relationship between low education and cognitive impairment in both sexes. Conclusions Community social capital appears to have a protective role in determining cognitive function in old age. Our findings may facilitate the development of new community-based strategies to combat dementia.