Developing sustainable transport for the next generation: The need for a multi-sector approach
Developing sustainable transport for the next generation: The need for a multi-sector approach
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为下一代发展可持续交通：需要采取多部门方法
DOI：
10.1016/j.iatssr.2011.11.001
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
P. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Jones
虽然一些国家在鼓励更可持续的运输和旅行模式方面取得了进展，但仅从运输系统的脱碳来看，这方面的进展是有限的，因为大多数旅行是一种衍生需求，因此受到不同部门的公共和私营部门机构所作决定的强烈影响。本文首先确定了一些主要的非交通部门对旅行行为不同方面的影响。然后，它更详细地研究了过去半个世纪以来杂货购物模式的变化，以及这些变化是如何与新的非运输技术以及伴随而来的商业和社会实践的发展联系在一起的。接下来，介绍了一个简单的可视化电子表格工具，该工具已被机构用于探索其主要位置和运营决策的主要跨部门影响（积极和消极）。最后，本文提出了三种可以鼓励跨部门协同作用的方法：(i)让每个部门或主要组织对与其活动相关的所有二氧化碳排放负责，包括其员工、客户、供应商等的旅行产生的二氧化碳排放；（ii）使政府内部的重大决策成为跨界别的活动；（iii）制订一套共同的跨界别评估方法，以评估政策建议的全面影响。
While some countries have made progress in encouraging more sustainable transport and travel patterns, there are limits as to how far this can be taken simply by looking at the decarbonisation of transport systems, since most travel is a derived demand and hence is strongly influenced by decisions taken by public and private sector agencies in different sectors. The paper first identifies some of the major non-transport sector influences on different aspects of travel behaviour. It then looks in more detail at changing patterns of grocery shopping over the last half century, and how these changes have been associated with new non-transport technologies and accompanying developments in business and social practices. Next, a simple visual spreadsheet tool is presented, that has been used by agencies to explore the main cross sector impacts (both positive and negative) of their major location and operating decisions. Finally, the paper proposes three ways in which cross sector synergies can be encouraged: (i) by giving each sector or major organisation responsibility for all CO2emissions associated with its activities, including those generated by the travel of its staff, customers, suppliers, etc.; (ii) by making major policy making within government a cross sector activity; and (iii) by developing a common, cross sector appraisal methodology for assessing the full range of impacts of policy proposals.