Legal Liability for Returning Firearms to Suicidal Persons Who Voluntarily Surrender Them in 50 US States
Legal Liability for Returning Firearms to Suicidal Persons Who Voluntarily Surrender Them in 50 US States
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2019.305545
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Rivara, Frederick P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gibbons, Molly J.;Fan, Mary D.;Rivara, Frederick P.
从自杀者手中临时转让枪支是减少自杀死亡发生率的一项战略。我们讨论了自愿临时枪支转让法有效运作的障碍：缺乏关于将枪支归还给自愿交出枪支的人的责任的指导。我们检查了美国所有50个州的法律，规范枪支的临时上缴，并评估是否有任何条款管辖归还临时上缴枪支的责任。虽然14个州创建了背景调查例外，允许枪支从所有者临时转移到家人，朋友，零售商或执法部门，没有州规定归还这些枪支的程序。将枪支归还给自愿交出枪支的人的能力。我们建议修改州法律，明确暂时归还枪支的程序和责任将枪支交还给原主人。这些修正案的目的是减轻由于缺乏明确性和责任推定可能对有效减少枪支获取机会以保护有自杀风险的枪支拥有者造成的潜在寒蝉效应。
Temporary transfers of firearms from suicidal persons is a strategy to reduce the incidence of suicide deaths. We discuss a barrier to the effective operation of voluntary temporary firearm transfer laws: the dearth of guidance on the liability for returning firearms to persons who voluntarily surrender them. We examine the laws of all 50 US states that regulate temporary surrenders of firearms and evaluate whether any provisions govern liability for returning temporarily surrendered firearms.Although 14 states create background check exceptions to permit temporary transfers of firearms from an owner to family, friends, retailers, or law enforcement, no states prescribe procedures for returning those firearms.ability for returning the firearms to people who voluntarily surrendered them.We recommend amending state laws to clarify the process and liability for returning temporarily surrendered firearms to the original owner. Such amendments would be intended to mitigate the potential chilling effect that lack of clarity and presumption of liability may impose on efficiently reducing firearm access to protect firearm owners at risk for suicide.