Regulation of pH During Amelogenesis.

Regulation of pH During Amelogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00223-009-9326-7
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发表时间:
2010-02
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Paine, Michael L.
Paine, Michael L.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lacruz, Rodrigo S.;Nanci, Antonio;Kurtz, Ira;Wright, J. Timothy;Paine, Michael L.

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在成淀粉过程中,细胞外基质蛋白与生长的羟基磷灰石晶体相互作用,形成结构最复杂的生物组织之一。牙釉质形成过程是一个独特的生物矿化系统,其特征首先是在成釉质发生的分泌阶段晶体长度增加,然后在成熟后期有机配合物被酶去除时晶体宽度和厚度大幅增加。晶体生长受釉质微环境pH值变化的调节,这对釉质生物矿化至关重要。尽管大多数异常釉质表型的遗传基础通常与釉质基质特异性基因的突变有关,但涉及pH调节的基因的突变可能导致釉质结构严重受损,这凸显了pH调节对正常釉质发育的重要性。本文综述了釉质形成细胞(成釉细胞)维持pH稳态的细胞内和细胞外机制,并讨论了与pH调节基因破坏相关的釉质表型。
During amelogenesis, extracellular matrix proteins interact with growing hydroxyapatite crystals to create one of the most architecturally complex biological tissues. The process of enamel formation is a unique biomineralizing system characterized first by an increase in crystallite length during the secretory phase of amelogenesis, followed by a vast increase in crystallite width and thickness in the later maturation phase when organic complexes are enzymatically removed. Crystal growth is modulated by changes in the pH of the enamel microenvironment that is critical for proper enamel biomineralization. Whereas the genetic bases for most abnormal enamel phenotypes (amelogenesis imperfecta) are generally associated with mutations to enamel matrix specific genes, mutations to genes involved in pH regulation may result in severely affected enamel structure, highlighting the importance of pH regulation for normal enamel development. This review summarizes the intra- and extracellular mechanisms employed by the enamel-forming cells, ameloblasts, to maintain pH homeostasis and, also, discusses the enamel phenotypes associated with disruptions to genes involved in pH regulation.
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