Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Immunological Mechanisms.
Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Immunological Mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.3390/v15010185
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发表时间：
2023-01-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ohno-Matsui K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang J;Kamoi K;Zong Y;Yang M;Ohno-Matsui K
对于前葡萄膜炎 (AU) 知之甚少，前葡萄膜炎是免疫功能正常人群中与巨细胞病毒 (CMV) 感染相关的最常见眼部疾病。 CMV AU 在亚洲非常流行，男性发病率较高。临床上主要表现为前房炎症和眼压升高。急性 CMV AU 可能类似于 Posner-Schlossman 综合征及其复发性高血压虹膜炎，而慢性 CMV AU 可能类似于 Fuchs 葡萄膜炎，因为其眼压升高。如果不及时治疗，可能会发展为青光眼；因此，早期诊断对于预后至关重要。有关临床特征和房水分析的知识有助于准确诊断；所以，我们从这几个方面进行了比较和总结。早期抗病毒治疗可降低青光眼手术的风险，并且治疗效果因药物输送而异。口服缬更昔洛韦和外用更昔洛韦均可产生积极的临床结果，较高的浓度和频率对慢性巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎有益。延长抗病毒疗程可以防止复发，但应限制在 6 个月以内，以防止耐药性和副作用。本文系统总结了CMV AU的发病机制、临床特点、诊断治疗及免疫机制，旨在为临床早期诊断和治疗提供理论基础。
Little is known regarding anterior uveitis (AU), the most common ocular disease associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompetent populations. CMV AU is highly prevalent in Asia, with a higher incidence in men. Clinically, it manifests mainly as anterior chamber inflammation and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Acute CMV AU may resemble Posner–Schlossman syndrome with its recurrent hypertensive iritis, while chronic CMV AU may resemble Fuchs uveitis because of its elevated IOP. Without prompt treatment, it may progress to glaucoma; therefore, early diagnosis is critical to prognosis. Knowledge regarding clinical features and aqueous humor analyses can facilitate accurate diagnoses; so, we compared and summarized these aspects. Early antiviral treatment reduces the risk of a glaucoma surgery requirement, and therapeutic effects vary based on drug delivery. Both oral valganciclovir and topical ganciclovir can produce positive clinical outcomes, and higher concentration and frequency are beneficial in chronic CMV retinitis. An extended antiviral course could prevent relapses, but should be limited to 6 months to prevent drug resistance and side effects. In this review, we have systematically summarized the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, and immunological mechanisms of CMV AU with the goal of providing a theoretical foundation for early clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Jackson SE;Chen KC;Groves IJ;Sedikides GX;Gandhi A;Houldcroft CJ;Poole EL;Montanuy I;Mason GM;Okecha G;Reeves MB;Sinclair JH;Wills MR
通讯作者：
Wills MR
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Kuo, Yu-Wei;Chang, En-Che;Lee, Chia-Yi;Lee, Shwu-Huey;Liang, I-Chia;Chen, Yi-Chun;Hou, Yu-Chih
通讯作者：
Hou, Yu-Chih
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
Kagan, K. O.;Enders, M.;Hamprecht, K.
通讯作者：
Hamprecht, K.
DOI：
10.1007/s00417-010-1510-y
发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Hwang, Yih-Shiou;Shen, Chia-Rui;Hsiao, Ching-Hsi
通讯作者：
Hsiao, Ching-Hsi
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
de-la-Torre, Alejandra;Valdes-Camacho, Juanita;Foster, C. Stephen
通讯作者：
Foster, C. Stephen