Community impacts of anthropogenic disturbance: natural enemies exploit multiple routes in pursuit of invading herbivore hosts.
Community impacts of anthropogenic disturbance: natural enemies exploit multiple routes in pursuit of invading herbivore hosts.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-10-322
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发表时间：
2010-10-23
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Stone GN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nicholls JA;Fuentes-Utrilla P;Hayward A;Melika G;Csóka G;Nieves-Aldrey JL;Pujade-Villar J;Tavakoli M;Schönrogge K;Stone GN
生物入侵提供了一个窗口的过程中，社区组装。特别是，跟踪天敌招募入侵主机可以揭示协同进化（包括本地适应）和生态排序的相对作用。我们使用分子数据来研究殖民化的北方欧洲的寄生蜂Megastigmus stigmatizans入侵后，其食草性橡树gallwasp主机从巴尔干半岛。本地宿主适应性预测入侵的瘿蜂种群将主要被同域分布的巴尔干半岛的种群M. stigmatizans（Host Pursuit Hypothesis）。或者，生态排序允许寄生虫招聘从地理上不同的人口没有最近的经验的入侵主机（主机转移假说）。最后，我们测试的长期持久性的拟寄生虫介绍通过人类贸易的主机的虫瘿（引进假说）。线粒体微卫星和核微卫星标记的多态性诊断不同的南方避难区，使我们能够确定北方欧洲入侵范围M的起源。stigmatizans种群。与他们的主机，一些入侵范围人口表现出遗传变异诊断巴尔干半岛的来源，支持主机追逐假说。与此相反，其他入侵种群有伊比利亚起源，不像他们的主机在北方欧洲，支持主机转移假说。最后，英国和意大利的M。stigmatizans人口显示签名兼容的引进假说从地中海东部的来源。这些数据揭示了人为干扰对多营养影响的大陆规模，并突出了食草动物及其天敌可能面临非常不同的范围扩张限制的事实。天敌的能力，利用生态相似的主机，他们没有历史的关联支持生态排序过程中的一个重要作用，在最近的组装这些社区。在这项研究中的入侵天敌种群的起源的多样性，强调了需要考虑的机制的多样性时，预测其他生物入侵或生物控制引进的后果。
Biological invasions provide a window on the process of community assembly. In particular, tracking natural enemy recruitment to invading hosts can reveal the relative roles of co-evolution (including local adaptation) and ecological sorting. We use molecular data to examine colonisation of northern Europe by the parasitoid Megastigmus stigmatizans following invasions of its herbivorous oak gallwasp hosts from the Balkans. Local host adaptation predicts that invading gallwasp populations will have been tracked primarily by sympatric Balkan populations of M. stigmatizans (Host Pursuit Hypothesis). Alternatively, ecological sorting allows parasitoid recruitment from geographically distinct populations with no recent experience of the invading hosts (Host Shift Hypothesis). Finally, we test for long-term persistence of parasitoids introduced via human trade of their hosts' galls (Introduction Hypothesis). Polymorphism diagnostic of different southern refugial regions was present in both mitochondrial and nuclear microsatellite markers, allowing us to identify the origins of northern European invaded range M. stigmatizans populations. As with their hosts, some invaded range populations showed genetic variation diagnostic of Balkan sources, supporting the Host Pursuit Hypothesis. In contrast, other invading populations had an Iberian origin, unlike their hosts in northern Europe, supporting the Host Shift Hypothesis. Finally, both British and Italian M. stigmatizans populations show signatures compatible with the Introduction Hypothesis from eastern Mediterranean sources. These data reveal the continental scale of multi-trophic impacts of anthropogenic disturbance and highlight the fact that herbivores and their natural enemies may face very different constraints on range expansion. The ability of natural enemies to exploit ecologically-similar hosts with which they have had no historical association supports a major role for ecological sorting processes in the recent assembly of these communities. The multitude of origins of invading natural enemy populations in this study emphasises the diversity of mechanisms requiring consideration when predicting consequences of other biological invasions or biological control introductions.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Hanski I;Wirta H;Nyman T;Rahagalala P
通讯作者：
Rahagalala P
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Ibrahim, KM;Nichols, RA;Hewitt, GM
通讯作者：
Hewitt, GM
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Garnier, S.;Verduijn, M.;Stone, G. N.
通讯作者：
Stone, G. N.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Léotard G;Debout G;Dalecky A;Guillot S;Gaume L;McKey D;Kjellberg F
通讯作者：
Kjellberg F
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Hayward, A;Stone, GN
通讯作者：
Stone, GN