Hepatitis delta virus: A fascinating and neglected pathogen.
Hepatitis delta virus: A fascinating and neglected pathogen.
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DOI：
10.5501/wjv.v4.i4.313
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发表时间：
2015-11-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gudima, Severin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cunha, Celso;Tavanez, Joao Paulo;Gudima, Severin
丁型肝炎病毒（HDV）是人类最严重的病毒性肝炎的病原体。 HDV RNA 与植物类病毒具有一些结构和功能特性，包含编码唯一病毒蛋白 Delta 抗原的单一开放阅读框。许多独特的功能，包括核酶活性、RNA 编辑、滚环 RNA 复制以及宿主 DNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶 II 的 RNA 模板的重定向，使这种小病原体成为研究病毒-细胞相互作用和 RNA 生物学的绝佳模型。慢性丁型肝炎的治疗选择很少且无效。疾病负担可能在很大程度上被低估，使得寻找新的、特定的药物、靶标和治疗策略成为一项重要的公共卫生挑战。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了病毒结构、复制以及与宿主相互作用的主要特征。根据最新进展讨论了病毒的致病性和当前的治疗方案。
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is the etiologic agent of the most severe form of virus hepatitis in humans. Sharing some structural and functional properties with plant viroids, the HDV RNA contains a single open reading frame coding for the only virus protein, the Delta antigen. A number of unique features, including ribozyme activity, RNA editing, rolling-circle RNA replication, and redirection for a RNA template of host DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II, make this small pathogen an excellent model to study virus-cell interactions and RNA biology. Treatment options for chronic hepatitis Delta are scarce and ineffective. The disease burden is perhaps largely underestimated making the search for new, specific drugs, targets, and treatment strategies an important public health challenge. In this review we address the main features of virus structure, replication, and interaction with the host. Virus pathogenicity and current treatment options are discussed in the light of recent developments.