A new glacier inventory for the European Alps from Landsat TM scenes of 2003: challenges and results
A new glacier inventory for the European Alps from Landsat TM scenes of 2003: challenges and results
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来自 2003 年 Landsat TM 场景的欧洲阿尔卑斯山新冰川清单：挑战和结果
DOI：
10.3189/172756411799096295
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
R. L. Bris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frank Paul;Holger Frey;R. L. Bris
摘要欧洲阿尔卑斯山冰川融化水在水电生产中起着重要作用，因此未来的冰川开发具有重要的经济意义。然而，迄今为止还没有关于准确评估冰川变化或模拟未来冰川发展的最新和阿尔卑斯山范围的清单。在这里，我们展示了一份新的阿尔卑斯山范围的清单(包括奥地利、法国、意大利和瑞士)，该清单来自于2003年在7周内获得的10个Landsat Theme Mapper(TM)场景。结合航天飞机雷达地形任务提供的全球可用的数字高程模型，得出了覆盖2050平方公里的3770个绘制冰川地图的每一个的地形清单参数。区域级别的频率分布在所有国家都非常相似，平均偏北方向(西北部、北部、东北部)显然更受青睐(算术计数)。冰川平均海拔约2900米，与坡度关系不大。自上一次冰川清查(约1970年±15年)以来，总面积损失约为三分之一，目前的面积损失率约为2%a-1。奥地利最新冰川清查的轮廓数字叠加显示，对禁止评估变化的冰川范围的解释存在差异。将TM得到的轮廓与高分辨率IKONOS图像上人工数字化的范围进行比较，得到的冰川比TM小1.5%。
Abstract Meltwater from glaciers in the European Alps plays an important role in hydropower production, and future glacier development is thus of economic interest. However, an up-to-date and alpine-wide inventory for accurate assessment of glacier changes or modelling of future glacier development has not hitherto been available. Here we present a new alpine-wide inventory (covering Austria, France, Italy and Switzerland) derived from ten Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) scenes acquired within 7 weeks in 2003. Combined with the globally available digital elevation model from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, topographic inventory parameters were derived for each of the 3770 mapped glaciers, covering 2050 km2. The area-class frequency distribution is very similar in all countries, and a mean northerly aspect (NW, N, NE) is clearly favoured (arithmetic counting). Mean glacier elevation is ~2900 m, with a small dependence on aspect. The total area loss since the previous glacier inventory (acquired around 1970±15 years) is roughly one-third, yielding a current area loss rate of ~2%a–1. Digital overlay of the outlines from the latest Austrian glacier inventory revealed differences in the interpretation of glacier extents that prohibit change assessment. A comparison of TM-derived outlines with manually digitized extents on a high-resolution IKONOS image returned 1.5% smaller glaciers with TM.