Centralization, resource depletion, and coercive conservation among the Tyua of the Northeastern Kalahari
Centralization, resource depletion, and coercive conservation among the Tyua of the Northeastern Kalahari
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喀拉哈里东北部图瓦人的集中化、资源枯竭和强制保护
DOI：
10.1007/bf01191648
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
R. Hitchcock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Hitchcock
博茨瓦纳和津巴布韦的殖民地和后殖民政府对土著少数民族实行政策，包括建立定居计划，将人们从国家公园和禁猎区迁出，以及限制当地人狩猎。这些政策剥夺了土著群体的财产，减少了他们获得对其适应成功至关重要的资源的机会。这些政策的影响进行检查使用的数据在北方博茨瓦纳和津巴布韦西部的纳塔河地区的Tyua布须曼人。它表明，所采用的各种保护和发展计划导致了更大的资源枯竭，贫困增加和社会分层。有证据表明，资源保护计划有时弊大于利。
The colonial and post-colonial governments of Botswana and Zimbabwe pursued policies toward their indigenous minority populations which included the establishment of settlement schemes, removals of people from national parks and game reserves, and the imposition of restrictions on hunting by local people. These polices had the effect of dispossessing indigenous groups and reducing their access to resources crucial to their adaptive success. The impacts of these polices are examined using data on Tyua Bushmen in the Nata river region of northern Botswana and western Zimbabwe. It demonstrates that the kinds of conservation and development programs employed resulted in greater resource depletion, increased poverty, and social stratification. There is evidence that resource conservation programs can sometimes do more harm than good.