Fall migration and breeding origins of Canada Warblers moving through northern Colombia
Fall migration and breeding origins of Canada Warblers moving through northern Colombia
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DOI：
10.1111/jofo.12186
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Hobson, Keith A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cardenas-Ortiz, Laura;Bayly, Nicholas J.;Hobson, Keith A.
加拿大莺（Cardellina canadensis）是长距离新热带候鸟，但人们对其迁徙行为和生态知之甚少。 2011 年至 2015 年，我们使用持续不断的雾网在哥伦比亚北部的达里恩和圣玛尔塔内华达山脉这两个地点检查了加拿大莺的秋季迁徙情况。我们的目标是确定：1) 繁殖起源和连通模式，2) 迁徙途径，3) 迁徙物候学，4) 年龄和性别之间运动可能存在的差异，5) 抵达哥伦比亚时的身体状况，以及 6) 中途停留和加油的证据。对飞行羽毛中的稳定氢同位素 (H-2(f)) 进行分析，以估计北美捕获的加拿大莺的繁殖起源。 H-2(f) 值显示，在达里恩捕获的大多数加拿大莺可能起源于其繁殖范围的中部和东北部地区。在达里恩河捕获的 162 只加拿大莺中只有一只除外，这也表明迁徙路线穿过中美洲，而不是穿越加勒比海。大多数捕获的鸟类是孵化年的鸟类（孵化年后的鸟类为 91%，孵化年后的鸟类为 9%），而且我们捕获的雌性 (67%) 多于雄性 (33%)。加拿大莺于 9 月 20 日至 11 月初通过达连河迁徙，其中大多数于 10 月中旬抵达。大多数（89%）人抵达时燃料储备不足。这些结果与估计的飞行范围相结合表明，在达里恩捕获的个体中，46% 可能需要补充燃料才能继续迁徙，而 31% 的个体可以继续飞到我们捕获地点以外 50 至 200 公里的地方。然而，没有人被重新捕获，因此无法确定中途停留的时间。加拿大莺可能采取一天中途停留和短途飞行的策略，或者，达里恩可能代表低质量的栖息地，鸟类很快离开我们的研究地点寻找合适的栖息地。需要进一步研究以确定达里恩地区其他（山地）栖息地对加拿大莺的可能重要性，以便优先考虑保护行动。
Canada Warblers (Cardellina canadensis) are long-distance Neotropical migrants, but little is known about their migratory behavior and ecology. We examined the fall migration of Canada Warblers at two sites, Darien and the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, in northern Colombia from 2011 to 2015 using constant-effort mist-netting. Our objectives were to determine: 1) breeding origins and connectivity patterns, 2) migratory pathways, 3) the phenology of migration, 4) possible differences in movements between ages and sexes, 5) their body condition when arriving in Colombia, and 6) evidence of stopover and refueling. Stable hydrogen isotopes (H-2(f)) in flight feathers were analyzed to estimate breeding origins of captured Canada Warblers in North America. The H-2(f) values revealed that most Canada Warblers captured in the Darien likely originated from the central and northeastern regions of their breeding range. The capture of all but one of 162 Canada Warblers in the Darien also indicates a migration route through Central American rather than across the Caribbean Sea. Most captured birds were hatch-year birds (91% vs. 9% after hatch-year birds), and we captured more females (67%) than males (33%). Canada Warblers migrated through the Darien from 20 September to early November, with most arriving in mid-October. Most (89%) individuals arrived with low fuel reserves. These results combined with estimated flight ranges revealed that 46% of the individuals captured in the Darien likely needed to refuel to continue migrating, whereas 31% could continue 50 to 200km beyond our capture site. However, no individuals were recaptured so stopover duration could not be determined. Canada Warblers may adopt a strategy of 1-d stopovers and short flights or, alternatively, the Darien may represent low-quality habitat and birds quickly left our study site in search of suitable habitat. Further study is needed to determine the possible importance of other (montane) habitats for Canada Warblers in the Darien region to prioritize conservation actions.