Trends and Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Children Aged 2-7 Years from 2011 to 2017 in Xiamen, China
Trends and Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Children Aged 2-7 Years from 2011 to 2017 in Xiamen, China
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2011-2017年厦门市2~7岁儿童超重肥胖趋势及患病率
DOI：
10.1159/000501722
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Zhang Liangwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen Jing;Hu Chaoying;Zeng Guozhang;Xu Chao;Xu Lijun;Shi Junxia;Niu Conway;Zhang Liangwen
背景：儿童超重和肥胖已成为21世纪最严重的公共卫生问题之一，并对受影响儿童成年后产生重大影响。目的：了解2011 - 2017年中国城镇2-7岁学龄前儿童超重和肥胖状况及其主要影响因素。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样方法，对中国五大经济特区之一厦门市2 ~ 7岁儿童进行抽样调查。在三个时间点（2011年15,757人，2014年19,098人，2017年21,883人）对56,738名参与者（29,444名男孩，27,294名女孩）进行了检查，并分析了影响肥胖的因素。结果：2011 - 2017年，2 ~ 7岁学龄前儿童超重和肥胖患病率分别为10.91%和5.66%。男生超重和肥胖率（11.85和7.11%）高于女生（9.90和4.09%），差异有统计学意义（p< 0.01）。在过去7年中，男孩和女孩的超重和肥胖率均呈下降趋势（p< 0.01）。超重的高峰年龄是男孩6岁，女孩2岁，而肥胖率的高峰年龄是6岁。在肥胖儿童中，中度至重度肥胖儿童的比例从2011年的40.70%下降到2017年的32.80%。多元逐步回归分析显示，不喜欢体育活动的儿童更喜欢油腻食物，婴儿时期更早接触固体食物，出生体重高、饮食快、父母肥胖的儿童自身肥胖的可能性更大（p< 0.05）。结论：虽然儿童肥胖防控措施已取得初步成效，但我国学龄前儿童超重和肥胖水平仍较高。因此，有必要加强对学龄前儿童超重和肥胖的监测，并在必要时实施适当的干预措施。
Background:Childhood overweight and obesity have become some of the most serious public health problems in the 21st century and have a significant impact on affected children as they grow into adulthood.Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the overweight and obesity status and their main influencing factors in preschool children aged 2–7 years in urban areas of China between 2011 and 2017.Methods:A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a sample survey of children aged 2–7 years in Xiamen, one of China’s five special economic zones. The 56,738 participants (29,444 boys, 27,294 girls) were examined at three time points (15,757 in 2011, 19,098 in 2014, and 21,883 in 2017), and were analyzed for factors influencing obesity.Results:Between 2011 and 2017, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschool children between 2 and 7 years old was 10.91 and 5.66%, respectively. The overweight and obesity rates were higher in boys (11.85 and 7.11%) than in girls (9.90 and 4.09%), and the difference was statistically significant (p< 0.01). In the past 7 years, the overweight and obesity rates showed a downward trend in both boys and girls (p< 0.01). The peak ages for overweight were 6 years in boys and 2 years in girls, while the obesity rate peaked at 6 years. In those children with obesity, the proportion of those with moderate to severe obesity decreased from 40.70% in 2011 to 32.80% in 2017. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that children who were averse to sports activities preferred greasy foods and had earlier introduction of solid foods as infants, as well as those who were born at a high birth weight, ate fast, and those with parents with obesity were more likely to have obesity themselves (p< 0.05).Conclusions:Although preventative and control measures for childhood obesity have achieved initial results, Chinese preschool children remain to have high levels of overweight and obesity. It is therefore necessary to strengthen monitoring of overweight and obesity in preschool-aged children and implement appropriate interventions when necessary.