Study of Spatial Target and Compensation Standard of Eco-compensation in Qinghai Lake Watershed
Study of Spatial Target and Compensation Standard of Eco-compensation in Qinghai Lake Watershed
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
Geng Jin-song
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作者：
Geng Jin-song
以青海湖流域为例，采用自然过程模型Carnegie艾姆斯斯坦福大学方法模拟了土地利用变化对碳储量的影响，并通过社会调查估算了碳储量的供给成本。通过成本效益分析和最小数据法，将自然过程和经济过程纳入一个综合模型框架，探讨了生态补偿方案的空间定位和补偿标准，并对流域内4个县（市、区）的效益成本比进行了实证分析。从效益成本比来看，效益成本比大小依次为：天峻县>刚察县>海盐县>共和县;为实现草地恢复目标，补偿标准大小依次为：海盐县（328.5元·hm-2/a），刚察县（250.5元·hm-2/a），天峻县（181.5元·hm-2）和共和县（478.5元·hm-2/a），按补偿标准计算，流域各县区碳储量增加情况如下：海盐县、刚察县、天峻县和共和县的年平均产量分别为1.7×107 kg、5.25 × 107 kg、18.52 ×107 kg和2.86× 107 kg。
Eco-compensation is an innovative way to protect environment.It transforms the outside of ecosystem services and non-market value into the inherent power of environment protecting.Taking the Qinghai Lake watershed as a case,the impact of land use change on carbon storage is modeled by natural process model Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach,while supply costs of carbon storage are estimated by social survey.Upon these work,the natural process and economical process are included in an integrated model framework by cost-benefit analysis and minimum data approach to explore the spatial targeting and compensation standard in eco-compensation program.Results of the case study show that the efficiency cost ratios of the four counties in the watershed are: 0.5353 in Haiyan County,0.5549 in Gangcha County,0.5549 in Tianjun County and 0.4353 in Gonghe County.Regarding to the efficiency cost ratios,the cost order should be: Tianjun County,Gangcha County,Haiyan County and Gonghe County.To achieve the goal of restoration of grassland,the compensation standard order should be: Haiyan County(328.5 yuan·hm-2 per year),Gangcha County(250.5 yuan·hm-2 per year),Tianjun County(181.5 yuan·hm-2 per year) and Gonghe County(478.5 yuan·hm-2 per year).According to the compensation standard,the carbon storage will increase in all counties of the watershed as follows: 1.7×107 kg per year in Haiyan County,5.25×107 kg per year in Gangcha County,18.52×107 kg per year in Tianjun County and 2.86×107kg per year in Gonghe County.