Acquired resistance and antibody response of raccoons (Procyon lotor) to sequential feedings of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)
Acquired resistance and antibody response of raccoons (Procyon lotor) to sequential feedings of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)
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DOI：
10.1016/0304-4017(95)00911-6
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发表时间：
1996-06-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Schwartz, BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Craig, LE;Norris, DE;Schwartz, BS
圈养繁殖的浣熊（Procyon lotor）对硬蜱幼虫阶段的侵袭产生了免疫抗性，硬蜱是伯氏疏螺旋体的载体，在重复施用蜱虫和幼虫后，抗性表现为从每个队列中回收的饱食幼虫的比例显著降低。未观察到耐药性，但仅应用了两个此类队列。利用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）开发检测浣熊血清抗体蜱唾液腺抗原，浣熊证明了2至10倍的增加抗蜱唾液提取物抗体滴度后，应用两个队列的幼虫和8个队列。通过Western印迹法评估暴露前后浣熊血清识别的蜱唾液抗原。抗体的产生与对侵扰的抗性的发展相关，这表明抗性是免疫介导的，并且可以通过抗蜱唾液提取物抗体滴度来测量。暴露的浣熊中的抗性阻止了近90%的幼虫长时间进食。长期喂养是饱胀和传播各种传染性病原体（如B）所必需的。burgdorferi。
Captive-bred raccoons (Procyon lotor) developed immune resistance to infestation by the larval stage of the ixodid tick, Ixodes scapularis, the vector of Borrelia burgdorferi, following repeated applications of both nymphs and larvae, Resistance was expressed as a significant decrease in the proportion of engorged larvae recovered from each cohort. Resistance to nymphs was not noted, but, only two such cohorts were applied. Utilizing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed to detect raccoon serum antibodies to tick salivary gland antigens, raccoons evidenced a two to ten-fold increase in anti-tick salivary extract antibody titer following the application of two cohorts of nymphs and eights cohorts of larvae. The tick saliva antigens recognized by both pre- and post-exposure raccoon sera were evaluated by Western blotting. The production of antibodies correlated with the development of resistance to infestation, suggesting that the resistance was immune-mediated and could be measured by anti-tick salivary extract antibody titers, Resistance in exposed raccoons prevents nearly 90% of larvae from prolonged feeding. Prolonged feeding is required for engorgement and the transmission of various infectious agents, such as B. burgdorferi.