Impulsivity as a mediating factor in the association between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and substance use.
Impulsivity as a mediating factor in the association between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and substance use.
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DOI：
10.1037/tra0000588
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Amlung, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morris, Vanessa L.;Huffman, Landry Goodgame;Naish, Katherine R.;Holshausen, Katherine;Oshri, Assaf;McKinnon, Margaret;Amlung, Michael
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与冲动性和冒险行为有关，包括比没有PTSD的人更高的药物使用率。虽然许多研究表明冲动与PTSD中的物质使用有关，但冲动在这种常见的合并症模式中的具体作用仍不清楚。目前的研究调查了成年人样本中PTSD症状，物质使用模式和冲动之间的关联。通过亚马逊的Mechanical Turk在线招募了2967名参与者，排除了在简短创伤问卷中没有报告至少一个标准A创伤事件的参与者。剩下的1609名创伤暴露者根据他们的DSM-5（PCL-5）评分被分为可能的PTSD组（n=406）或创伤暴露的非PTSD组（n=1203）。冲动性通过延迟折扣措施和简短的UPPS-P冲动性问卷进行评估。酒精和大麻分别使用AUDIT和CUDIT-R量表进行评估。可能的PTSD参与者表现出更陡峭（更冲动）的延迟折扣和认可更多的冲动特质比创伤暴露的非PTSD组的参与者。此外，PTSD组在AUDIT和CUDIT-R上的得分显著更高。最后，UPPS-P上的冲动人格特质部分介导了PTSD与大麻和酒精使用之间的关联。这些发现表明，创伤暴露的人谁表现出PTSD症状升高显示出高度冲动。此外，较低水平的冲动可能是创伤暴露个体对PTSD发展的保护因素。
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with heightened impulsivity and risk-taking behaviours, including higher rates of substance use than individuals without PTSD. While a number of studies suggest that impulsivity is associated with substance use in PTSD, the specific role of impulsivity in this common pattern of comorbidity remains unclear. The current study investigated associations between PTSD symptoms, substance use patterns, and impulsivity in a sample of adults. A total of 2967 participants were recruited online through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Participants who did not report at least one Criterion A traumatic event on the Brief Trauma Questionnaire were excluded. The remaining 1609 trauma-exposed individuals were placed into either the probable PTSD group (n=406) or the trauma-exposed non-PTSD group (n=1203) based on their PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) score. Impulsivity was assessed via a delay discounting measure and the brief UPPS-P impulsiveness questionnaire. Alcohol and cannabis were assessed using the AUDIT and CUDIT-R scales, respectively. Probable PTSD participants exhibited steeper (more impulsive) delay discounting and endorsed more impulsive traits than participants in the trauma-exposed non-PTSD group. Moreover, the PTSD group reported significantly higher scores on both the AUDIT and CUDIT-R. Lastly, impulsive personality traits on the UPPS-P partially mediated the association between PTSD and both cannabis and alcohol use. These findings suggest that trauma-exposed individuals who exhibit elevated PTSD symptoms show heightened impulsivity. It also appears that lower levels of impulsivity may serve as a protective factor among trauma-exposed individuals resilient to the development of PTSD.