RANGE AND SCOPE OF BINOCULAR DEPTH DISCRIMINATION IN MAN
RANGE AND SCOPE OF BINOCULAR DEPTH DISCRIMINATION IN MAN
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1970.sp009296
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发表时间：
1970-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
BLAKEMORE, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BLAKEMORE, C
1.单用视差线索进行深度辨别，研究了小视点和短暂暴露的垂直狭缝状目标。当缝隙距离固定点更近或更远时，可靠的定性定位的上限是会聚方向的绝对视差为4-7度，发散方向的绝对视差为9-12度。在周边视野中，甚至可以识别出更大的绝对差异。测量了两个狭缝目标之间的相对深度辨别度作为其空间位置的函数。星座(双目融合的目标的轨迹)是立体视觉最大的区域，这不一定与维思-米勒圆(零几何或绝对视差的轨迹)重合。当目标物沿视轴向外移动时，立体阈值逐渐增加，远离视点进入周边视野。当目标向纵深移动或绝对视差远离天象时，相对视差阈值也会以近似指数的方式上升。因此，相对深度辨别是在视轴周围非常宽的视觉空间范围内进行的(视野中心大约3度的绝对视差，而外围的绝对视差更大)。这一发现与猫皮质双眼神经元的神经生理学有关。猫和人的双目仪器观察到的视觉空间的维度相当相似。视野中央有绝对视差的立体敏锐度的急剧下降可能与人脑中视网膜中央带的双侧表示有关。
1. Depth discrimination, using disparity cues alone, was studied with a small fixation point and briefly exposed, vertical slit‐shaped targets.2. The upper limit for reliable qualitative localization of a slit as nearer or further than the fixation point is 4‐7 deg of absolute disparity in a convergent direction and 9–12 deg in a divergent direction. Even larger absolute disparities can be recognized in the peripheral visual field.3. Relative depth discrimination between two slit targets was measured as a function of their spatial position. The horopter (the locus of targets that appear to be fused binocularly) is the region of maximum stereoacuity and this does not necessarily coincide with the Vieth—Müller circle (the locus of zerogeometricorabsolutedisparity). There is a gradual increase in stereo‐threshold as the targets are moved out along the horopter, away from the fixation point into the peripheral visual field. Therelativedisparity threshold also rises, approximately exponentially, as the targets are moved in depth orabsolutedisparity away from the horopter.4. Relative depth discrimination is, then, operative over a very wide band of visual space around the horopter (about 3 deg of absolute disparity in the centre of the visual field and even more in the periphery).5. The findings are discussed in relation to the neurophysiology of binocular neurones of the cat cortex. The dimensions of visual space under observation by the binocular apparatus of cat and man are rather similar. The sharper decline of stereo‐acuity with absolute disparity in the centre of the visual field may be related to the limits of bilateral representation of a central strip of retina in the human brain.