Comparison of particle mass and number emissions from a diesel transit bus across temporal and spatial scales
Comparison of particle mass and number emissions from a diesel transit bus across temporal and spatial scales
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trd.2013.09.005
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发表时间：
2013-12
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
D. Sonntag;H. O. Gao;B. Holmén
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Sonntag;H. O. Gao;B. Holmén
本研究分析了在现实世界的驾驶条件下，从2002年柴油公交车的排气中测量的颗粒数量和质量排放率。粒子数量和质量排放率的动态研究在解决时间和空间尺度横跨城市动脉，农村动脉和分割的高速公路。基于时间的颗粒数量和质量排放率最高的高速公路上，但基于距离的颗粒排放率的排放/公里的“热点”暴露评估选定的50米路段发生在十字路口时，巴士从一个停止加速或行驶高等级。怠速和加速之间的颗粒物质量和数量的排放率的比较表明，除非巴士是延长怠速几分钟，公共汽车站附近的巴士颗粒物排放的暴露主要是由于加速。一般来说，粒子数和质量排放率在时间和空间上都高度相关。出现一些偏差是因为颗粒质量排放在持续加油事件（例如在高坡度上行驶和持续加速期间）期间高度升高，而颗粒数量排放对燃料和发动机速度波动更敏感。
This study analyzes particle number and mass emission rates measured from the exhaust of a 2002 diesel transit bus in real-world driving conditions. The dynamics of the particle number and mass emission rates are examined at resolved temporal and spatial scales across an urban arterial, a rural arterial and a divided freeway. Time-based particle number and mass emission rates were highest on the freeway, but the distance-based particle emission rates of emission/km at “hot-spots” for exposure assessment for selected 50-m road segments occurred at intersections when the bus accelerated from a stop or traveled up high grades. Comparisons of particle mass and number emission rates between idling and acceleration indicate that unless the bus is extending idling for several minutes, public exposure to bus particle emissions near bus stops can be mainly attributed to accelerations. Generally, particle number and mass emissions rates are highly correlated both temporally and spatially. Some deviations occur because particle mass emissions are highly elevated during sustained fueling events such as traveling on high grades and during sustained accelerations, while particle number emissions are more sensitive to fuel and engine speed fluctuations.