Isotopic evidence of arbuscular mycorrhizal cheating in a grassland gentian species
Isotopic evidence of arbuscular mycorrhizal cheating in a grassland gentian species
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草原龙胆物种丛枝菌根作弊的同位素证据
DOI：
10.1007/s00442-020-04631-x
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hiroshi Tomimatsu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suetsugu Kenji; Matsubayashi Jun; Ogawa O. Nanako; Satoe Murata; Sato Risa; Hiroshi Tomimatsu
至少在早期，所有的兰花和拟除草剂都是真菌异养的。许多物种甚至在成虫阶段就容易受到真菌异养营养的影响，这是由于萌发过程中最初的真菌异养现象。尽管其他绿色植物，如龙胆，也会产生大量微小的种子，其萌发可能依赖于真菌协会来满足C需求，但对于大多数候选分类群来说，缺乏成年阶段部分真菌异质营养的生理证据。在这里，我们比较了生长在高光强生境中的与AM相关的龙胆物种的13C和15N同位素的自然丰度，以及共生自养C3和C4植物和AM真菌孢子的13C和15N同位素丰度。我们发现P。与周围的C3植物相比，蜗牛体内的13C显著富含，这表明一些C从周围的自养植物通过共享的AM网络转移。此外，中间δ15N值为OFP。介于自养植物和AM真菌孢子之间的Volubilis，为部分真菌异养INP提供了进一步的证据。Volubilis。虽然人们通常认为缺光选择了部分真菌异质性，但我们发现，在AM形成植物中，即使在光饱和的条件下，也可以进化出部分真菌异质性。在AM植物中对部分真菌异质性的描述相对较少，这一事实可能并不一定反映出这种联系的稀有。综上所述，AM植物中的部分真菌异质性可能比迄今认为的更为常见。
All orchids and pyroloids are mycoheterotrophic at least in the early stage. Many species are predisposed to mycoheterotrophic nutrition even in the adult stage, due to the initial mycoheterotrophy during germination. Although other green plants, such as gentian species, also produce numerous minute seeds, whose germination may depend on fungal associations to meet C demands, physiological evidence for partial mycoheterotrophy in the adult stage is lacking for most candidate taxa. Here, we compared the natural abundances of13C and15N isotopes in the AM-associated gentian speciesPterygocalyx volubilisgrowing in high-light-intensity habitats with those of co-occurring autotrophic C3and C4plants and AM fungal spores. We found thatP. volubiliswas significantly enriched in13C compared with the surrounding C3plants, which suggests the transfer of some C from the surrounding autotrophic plants through shared AM networks. In addition, the intermediate δ15N values ofP. volubilis, between those of autotrophic plants and AM fungal spores, provide further evidence for partial mycoheterotrophy inP. volubilis. Although it is often considered that light deficiency selects partial mycoheterotrophy, we show that partial mycoheterotrophy in AM-forming plants can evolve even under light-saturated conditions. The fact that there have been relatively few descriptions of partial mycoheterotrophy in AM plants may not necessarily reflect the rarity of such associations. In conclusion, partial mycoheterotrophy in AM plants may be more common than hitherto believed.