Electrical structure and updraft speeds in thunderstorms over the southern Great Plains
Electrical structure and updraft speeds in thunderstorms over the southern Great Plains
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DOI：
10.1029/94jd02607
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发表时间：
1995-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Marshall;W. D. Rust;M. Stolzenburg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Marshall;W. D. Rust;M. Stolzenburg
我们已经获得了11个气球探测的电场和热力学在大平原南部的大，有时严重和龙卷风雷暴。气球的上升速率被用来将探测分为弱上升气流和强上升气流。所有11个探测的电荷密度和电荷区域的厚度的大小类似于以前在小雷暴报告。5个弱上升气流探测资料在10 km以下有7-9个电荷区的复杂电荷结构。在这些探测中测得的最大电场大小为100-150 k V m−1。在强烈上升气流中的四次探测中，气球上升速率至少为15 m s-1，至少为1 km。这些探测具有较简单的电性结构，在10公里高度以下有3-5个电荷区。它们的最大测量电场范围为85至130 kV m−1。这些数据可能支持早期的假设，即在强烈的上升气流中电荷会升高。此外，数据可能表明，简单的电荷结构与接近强上升气流，而不是与不同的风暴类型。
We have acquired 11 balloon soundings of the electric field and thermodynamics in large and sometimes severe and tornadic thunderstorms over the southern Great Plains. The ascent rates of the balloons were used to divide the soundings into weak and strong updrafts. All 11 soundings had magnitudes of charge densities and thicknesses of charge regions similar to those reported previously in small thunderstorms. The five weak-updraft soundings had complex charge structures of 7–9 charge regions below 10 km altitude. The magnitude of the maximum measured electric field in these soundings was 100–150 k V m−1. The four soundings in strong updrafts had balloon ascent rates of at least 15 m s−1 for at least 1 km. These soundings had simpler electrical structures of 3–5 charge regions below 10 km altitude. Their maximum measured electric fields ranged from 85 to 130 kV m−1. The data may support an earlier hypothesis that charge is elevated in strong updrafts. In addition, the data may suggest that simpler charge structures are associated with proximity to strong updrafts rather than with different storm types.