Instantaneous outbursts in underground coal mines: An overview and association with coal type
Instantaneous outbursts in underground coal mines: An overview and association with coal type
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DOI：
10.1016/s0166-5162(97)00036-0
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发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Crosdale, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beamish, BB;Crosdale, PJ
至少有 16 个国家发生过地下煤矿的瞬时突出，涉及甲烷 (CH4) 和二氧化碳 (CO2)。瞬时突出的精确机制仍未解决，但必须考虑应力、瓦斯含量和煤体物理机械性质的影响。其他因素，例如采矿方法（例如，进入煤层的开发）和地质特征（例如，断层造成的煤层破坏）可能会加剧问题。预测技术仍然不可靠，导致死亡的意外突出事件是地下煤炭作业的主要问题。悉尼盆地使用的 CH4 气体含量阈值为 9 m(3)/t，CO2 气体含量阈值为 6 m(3)/t，以指示容易发生突出的条件，但会根据单个矿井和混合情况进行审查。来自澳大利亚鲍文盆地煤炭吸附行为的数据为用于突出倾向评估的煤面解吸指数所获得的相互矛盾的结果提供了解释。一个关键因素似乎是带状煤表现出不同的解吸率，这一点得到了实验室和矿场调查的支持。对于给定的压降，具有高熔熔岩和半熔熔岩含量的暗色煤带往往表现出从固体煤的快速解吸。对于镜质体含量高的光亮煤带和惰性细质体含量高的暗色煤带则相反。因此，当采集小颗粒的无光泽、富含熔熔岩或半熔熔岩煤的面样进行解吸测试时，大量气体已经逸出，导致读数较低。相反的情况适用于从镜质组和/或惰质组含量高的煤带中采集的样品。就突出潜力而言，煤层中明亮的、富含镜质体和暗淡的、富含惰性镜质体的部分似乎更容易发生突出。这是因为即使在压力降低后，固体煤也能够保留气体，从而在煤面上产生足以引发突出的瓦斯含量梯度。一旦煤的颗粒尺寸减小，就会发生快速的气体解吸。 (C) 1998 年爱思唯尔科学。
Instantaneous outbursts in underground coal mines have occurred in at least 16 countries, involving both methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The precise mechanisms of an instantaneous outburst are still unresolved but must consider the effects of stress, gas content and physico-mechanical properties of the coal. Other factors such as mining methods (e.g., development heading into the coal seam) and geological features (e.g., coal seam disruptions from faulting) can combine to exacerbate the problem. Prediction techniques continue to be unreliable and unexpected outburst incidents resulting in fatalities are a major concern for underground coal operations. Gas content thresholds of 9 m(3)/t for CH4 and 6 m(3)/t for CO2 are used in the Sydney Basin, to indicate outburst-prone conditions, but are reviewed on an individual mine basis and in mixed as situations. Data on the sorption behaviour of Bowen Basin coals from Australia have provided an explanation for the conflicting results obtained by coal face desorption indices used for outburst-proneness assessment. A key factor appears to be different desorption rates displayed by banded coals, which is supported by both laboratory and mine-site investigations. Dull coal bands with high fusinite and semifusinite contents tend to display rapid desorption from solid coal, for a given pressure drop. The opposite is true for bright coal bands with high vitrinite contents and dull coal bands with high inertodetrinite contents. Consequently, when face samples of dull, fusinite-or semifusinite-rich coal of small particle size are taken for desorption testing, much gas has already escaped and low readings result. The converse applies for samples taken from coal bands with high vitrinite and/or inertodetrinite contents. In terms of outburst potential, it is the bright, vitrinite-rich and the dull, inertodetrinite-rich sections of a coal seam that appear to be more outburst-prone. This is due to the ability of the solid coal to retain gas, even after pressure reduction, creating a gas content gradient across the coal face sufficient to initiate an outburst. Once the particle size of the coal is reduced, rapid gas desorption can then take place. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science.