Knowledge about AIDS and high-risk behavior among intravenous drug users in New York City.
Knowledge about AIDS and high-risk behavior among intravenous drug users in New York City.
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了解纽约市静脉注射吸毒者的艾滋病和高危行为。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cohen Rl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Selwyn;C. Feiner;Cox Cp;C. Lipshutz;Cohen Rl
261名静脉注射（IV）毒品使用者，分布在美沙酮维持计划和纽约市的一个大型拘留设施，接受了采访，了解艾滋病的知识，针头使用的做法，和降低风险的努力。97%的受试者认识到共用针头是艾滋病的一个风险因素;受试者对某些降低风险技术的有效性认识不足，往往高估偶然接触的风险。在那些在第一次意识到艾滋病时仍然共用针头的人中，63%的人报告随后停止了共用针头或完全停止了静脉注射毒品。Logistic回归分析表明，继续针具共享行为与拘留设施的网站和艾滋病知识问卷得分较低，减少针具共享是更明显的美沙酮方案的患者和受试者之间的艾滋病知识。在那些尽管知道风险仍继续共用针头的人中，继续共用针头的最常见原因是：“需要注射毒品，没有干净的针头”和“只与亲密的朋友或亲戚共用”，分别有46%和45%的受试者提供。研究结果表明，静脉吸毒者中的某些亚组已经采取了减少艾滋病风险的措施。扩大教育计划，提高药物治疗能力，以及解决吸毒者获得无菌注射设备和共用针头的社会背景的额外战略可能是必要的，以遏制艾滋病在静脉吸毒者中的进一步传播。
Two hundred and sixty-one intravenous (IV) drug users, distributed between a methadone maintenance program and a large detention facility in New York City, were interviewed about knowledge of AIDS, needle use practices, and risk-reduction efforts. Ninety-seven per cent of subjects recognized needle-sharing as an AIDS risk factor; subjects showed less awareness about the effectiveness of certain risk-reduction techniques and tended to over-estimate the risk of casual contact. Of those still sharing needles at the time of first becoming aware of AIDS, 63% reported having subsequently either stopped needle-sharing or ceased IV drug use entirely. Logistic regression analysis indicated that continued needle-sharing behavior was associated with the detention facility site and lower scores on an AIDS knowledge questionnaire; reduced needle-sharing was more evident among methadone program patients and among subjects with greater knowledge about AIDS. The most common reasons for continued needle-sharing among those who continued to share needles despite knowledge of risk were: 'need to inject drugs, with no clean needle available' and 'only share with close friend or relative', offered by 46 and 45% of subjects, respectively. Results suggest that certain subgroups of IV drug users have adopted risk-reduction measures in response to AIDS. Expanded educational programs, increased drug treatment capacity, and additional strategies addressing drug users' access to sterile injection equipment and the social context of needle-sharing may be necessary to curb the further spread of AIDS among IV drug users.