Novel oncolytic viral therapies in patients with thoracic malignancies
Novel oncolytic viral therapies in patients with thoracic malignancies
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DOI：
10.2147/ov.s116012
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Kratzke, Robert A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmad, Zeeshan;Kratzke, Robert A.
溶瘤病毒疗法是使用具有复制能力的病毒来治疗恶性肿瘤。溶瘤病毒疗法作为癌症治疗方法的潜力是基于历史证据，即某些病毒感染可导致血液和实体肿瘤恶性肿瘤的自发缓解。溶瘤病毒疗法可以通过直接溶瘤感染的肿瘤细胞或间接免疫介导的溶瘤未感染的肿瘤细胞来消除癌细胞。溶瘤病毒疗法的最新进展包括开发了多种具有精确细胞向性的遗传减毒RNA病毒，并鉴定了促进病毒转移至感兴趣组织的细胞表面受体。目前的研究还集中在通过维持受感染肿瘤细胞释放子代病毒来靶向转移性疾病，并了解通过免疫介导的病毒治疗机制间接杀死肿瘤细胞。本综述的目的是批判性地评估最近的证据的临床发展的组织特异性病毒能够靶向肿瘤细胞，并引发继发性免疫反应，在肺癌和间皮瘤。
Oncolytic virotherapy is the use of replication-competent viruses to treat malignancies. The potential of oncolytic virotherapy as an approach to cancer therapy is based on historical evidence that certain viral infections can cause spontaneous remission of both hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. Oncolytic virotherapy may eliminate cancer cells through either direct oncolysis of infected tumor cells or indirect immune-mediated oncolysis of uninfected tumor cells. Recent advances in oncolytic virotherapy include the development of a wide variety of genetically attenuated RNA viruses with precise cellular tropism and the identification of cell-surface receptors that facilitate viral transfer to the tissue of interest. Current research is also focused on targeting metastatic disease by sustaining the release of progeny viruses from infected tumor cells and understanding indirect tumor cell killing through immune-mediated mechanisms of virotherapy. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate recent evidence on the clinical development of tissue-specific viruses capable of targeting tumor cells and eliciting secondary immune responses in lung cancers and mesothelioma.