To ingest or rest? Specialized roles of lateral hypothalamic area neurons in coordinating energy balance.
To ingest or rest? Specialized roles of lateral hypothalamic area neurons in coordinating energy balance.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnsys.2015.00009
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Leinninger GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown JA;Woodworth HL;Leinninger GM
生存取决于生物体感知营养状况并相应地调节摄入和能量消耗行为的能力。然而，能量感知和行为的分离是能量平衡障碍的基础，如厌食症或肥胖症。下丘脑调节能量平衡，特别是下丘脑外侧区（LHA）准备协调影响体重的能量状态和行为的外周线索，如饮酒，运动行为，觉醒/睡眠和自主输出。有几个群体的LHA神经元的定义，其神经肽的内容，并有助于能量平衡。表达神经肽黑色素浓集激素（MCH）或食欲素/下丘脑分泌素（OX）的LHA神经元是最好的表征，并且这些神经元通过不同的神经元回路在调节摄取、唤醒、运动行为和自主功能中发挥重要作用。最近，含有神经肽神经降压素（Nts）的另一个LHA神经元群体已经涉及协调厌食刺激和行为以调节水合作用和能量平衡。了解MCH，OX和Nts神经元在协调能量感知和行为中的特定作用，因此有可能为改变行为和治疗能量平衡障碍的药理学策略提供信息。
Survival depends on an organism’s ability to sense nutrient status and accordingly regulate intake and energy expenditure behaviors. Uncoupling of energy sensing and behavior, however, underlies energy balance disorders such as anorexia or obesity. The hypothalamus regulates energy balance, and in particular the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) is poised to coordinate peripheral cues of energy status and behaviors that impact weight, such as drinking, locomotor behavior, arousal/sleep and autonomic output. There are several populations of LHA neurons that are defined by their neuropeptide content and contribute to energy balance. LHA neurons that express the neuropeptides melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) or orexins/hypocretins (OX) are best characterized and these neurons play important roles in regulating ingestion, arousal, locomotor behavior and autonomic function via distinct neuronal circuits. Recently, another population of LHA neurons containing the neuropeptide Neurotensin (Nts) has been implicated in coordinating anorectic stimuli and behavior to regulate hydration and energy balance. Understanding the specific roles of MCH, OX and Nts neurons in harmonizing energy sensing and behavior thus has the potential to inform pharmacological strategies to modify behaviors and treat energy balance disorders.