Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, yield and agronomic traits of oat cultivars as affected by fertilizer N rates under diverse environments
Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, yield and agronomic traits of oat cultivars as affected by fertilizer N rates under diverse environments
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DOI：
10.1007/s10705-017-9848-8
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Yan, W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ma, B. L.;Zheng, Z.;Yan, W.
燕麦因其在人类健康饮食中的作用而重新受到人们的关注。在加拿大三个不同的地点进行了田间研究，以确定氮和磷的吸收，农艺性状和产量表现的10-12个品种在四个肥料氮水平。结果表明，在各试验点年中，“SA 060123”和“OA 1331 -5”产量最高，“Dieter”和“莫里森”产量最低。产量构成因素的改变是为了适应土壤环境条件，具体地说，在Melfort，穗数m（-2）主要是产量变异的原因，在Normandin，种子穗数（-1）和千粒重主要是产量变异的原因，而在渥太华，倒伏指数是另一个产量决定因素。结果表明，严重的作物倒伏主要发生在渥太华，这与高氮条件下秸秆氮和植物生物量的积累有关，而作物倒伏与秸秆磷含量有很强的相关性。倒伏指数与秸秆磷的关系符合裂线模型，其变点为13.6kg·hm ~（-1），低于此值很少发生倒伏。我们推测，高秸秆磷含量，由外部供应的N诱导，可能表现出类似的行为，削弱茎基和锚固系统的强度，导致作物倒伏。除穗粒数（-1）外，其他性状均表现出基因型与环境的互作效应。多维偏好分析显示，“SA 060123”和“Minstrel”的收获指数，分别为突出的产量和表现最好的。
Oat has been gaining renewed interest due to its role in human healthy diet. A field study was conducted across three diverse locations in Canada to determine N and P uptake, agronomic traits and yield performance of 10-12 cultivars under four fertilizer N rates. Our data showed that 'SA060123' and 'OA1331-5' were the highest-yielding cultivars, and 'Dieter' and 'Morrison' the lowest, across sites-years. Yield components were altered to adapt to soil-environmental conditions, specifically, panicles m(-2) mostly accounted for yield variation at Melfort, seeds panicle(-1) and 1000-seed weight at Normandin, and lodging index was an additional yield-determining factor at Ottawa. It was noted that severe crop lodging that occurred mainly at Ottawa, was logically associated with greater accumulation of straw N and plant biomass under high N supply conditions, and that crop lodging displayed a strong correlation with straw P content. Relationship of lodging index and straw P was best-fit into a split-line model with a change-point of 13.6 kg P ha(-1), below which lodging rarely occurred. We speculate that high straw P content, induced by external N supply, may have exhibited similar behavior as N in weakening the strength of stem base and anchorage system, leading to crop lodging. This study also demonstrated an interactive genotype-by-environment effect on all traits except for the seed number panicle(-1). Multidimensional preference analysis revealed the best performance of 'SA060123' for outstanding yield and 'Minstrel' for harvest index, respectively.