The physiological effects of slow breathing in the healthy human.
The physiological effects of slow breathing in the healthy human.
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DOI：
10.1183/20734735.009817
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O'Rourke D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Russo MA;Santarelli DM;O'Rourke D
慢呼吸实践由于其声称的健康益处而在地球仪的现代世界中被采用。这引起了研究人员和临床医生的兴趣，他们已经开始调查缓慢呼吸技术的生理（和心理）影响，并试图揭示潜在的机制。本文的目的是提供一个全面的概述正常的呼吸生理学和记录的生理影响慢呼吸技术根据研究健康人。该综述侧重于呼吸，心血管，心肺和自主神经系统的生理意义，特别侧重于膈肌活动，通气效率，血液动力学，心率变异性，心肺耦合，呼吸性窦性心律失常和交感迷走神经平衡。该综述最后简要讨论了缓慢呼吸技术的潜在临床意义。这是一个值得进一步研究、理解和讨论的课题。缓慢呼吸的做法已经在西方世界流行，因为他们声称的健康益处，但仍然相对不受医学界的影响。对缓慢呼吸的生理影响的研究发现，它对呼吸、心血管、心肺和自主神经系统有重大影响。主要发现包括对呼吸肌活动、通气效率、化学反射和压力反射敏感性、心率变异性、血流动力学、呼吸性窦性心律失常、心肺耦合和交感迷走神经平衡的影响。似乎有可能使用受控缓慢呼吸技术作为优化似乎与健康和长寿相关的生理参数的手段，并且可能扩展到疾病状态;然而，迫切需要对该领域进行进一步研究。提供正常人体呼吸生理学的全面概述和记录的健康人呼吸缓慢的影响。回顾和讨论有关慢呼吸生理效应机制的证据和假设。提供缓慢呼吸的定义以及可能构成“呼吸优化呼吸”的内容。公开讨论慢呼吸技术的潜在临床意义和进一步研究的必要性。慢呼吸技术已用于哮喘，但对健康个体有影响吗？http://ow.ly/gCPO30eQOPZ
Slow breathing practices have been adopted in the modern world across the globe due to their claimed health benefits. This has piqued the interest of researchers and clinicians who have initiated investigations into the physiological (and psychological) effects of slow breathing techniques and attempted to uncover the underlying mechanisms. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of normal respiratory physiology and the documented physiological effects of slow breathing techniques according to research in healthy humans. The review focuses on the physiological implications to the respiratory, cardiovascular, cardiorespiratory and autonomic nervous systems, with particular focus on diaphragm activity, ventilation efficiency, haemodynamics, heart rate variability, cardiorespiratory coupling, respiratory sinus arrhythmia and sympathovagal balance. The review ends with a brief discussion of the potential clinical implications of slow breathing techniques. This is a topic that warrants further research, understanding and discussion. Slow breathing practices have gained popularity in the western world due to their claimed health benefits, yet remain relatively untouched by the medical community. Investigations into the physiological effects of slow breathing have uncovered significant effects on the respiratory, cardiovascular, cardiorespiratory and autonomic nervous systems. Key findings include effects on respiratory muscle activity, ventilation efficiency, chemoreflex and baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate variability, blood flow dynamics, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, cardiorespiratory coupling, and sympathovagal balance. There appears to be potential for use of controlled slow breathing techniques as a means of optimising physiological parameters that appear to be associated with health and longevity, and that may extend to disease states; however, there is a dire need for further research into the area. To provide a comprehensive overview of normal human respiratory physiology and the documented effects of slow breathing in healthy humans. To review and discuss the evidence and hypotheses regarding the mechanisms underlying slow breathing physiological effects in humans. To provide a definition of slow breathing and what may constitute “autonomically optimised respiration”. To open discussion on the potential clinical implications of slow breathing techniques and the need for further research. Slow breathing techniques have been used in asthma but are there effects in healthy individuals? http://ow.ly/gCPO30eQOPZ