THE SIZE OF INFLUENZA VIRUS
THE SIZE OF INFLUENZA VIRUS
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.79.3.267
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发表时间：
1944-03-01
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
Stanley, W. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stanley, W. M.
流感病毒在稀溶液中的沉降行为。电解质的变化很大。有时，病毒的活性似乎以与直径约80至120米[亩]的颗粒相当的速度沉积，有时与直径约10米[亩]的颗粒相当的速度沉积，还有一些时候，大部分活性似乎以与较大颗粒相当的速度沉积，剩余活性与较小颗粒相当的速度沉积。然而，在存在蔗糖密度梯度的情况下，病毒活性总是以与直径约80-120 m.[mu]颗粒相当的速度沉积；因此，稀电解质溶液中的可变沉降行为似乎是由于离心过程中的对流或机械扰动所致。在感染了f12流感病毒株的鸡胚尿囊液中，发现约30%的高分子量wt蛋白由沉降常数约为30 S的成分组成，因此可能的颗粒直径约为10 m[mu]。高分子量的残余蛋白质以沉降常数约为600 S的组分形式存在，因此可能的颗粒直径约为70 m[mu]。感染PR8株流感病毒的鸡胚尿囊液中30s组分的比例明显降低。采用差速离心纯化分离f12尿囊液的600 S和30 S组分。纯化的prepns。发现600 S组分的特定病毒活性是纯化的prep的100至10,000倍以上。30s组分的活性差异仅与组分的分馏程度有关。纯化后的30s组分在12%蔗糖的存在下正常沉淀；残留病毒活性小的残留病毒发现在存在蔗糖密度梯度的情况下沉淀，其速率与较重的颗粒相当。由此得出结论，流感病毒活性与颗粒直径约为10 m[mu]的材料无关，而仅与沉降常数约为600 S的材料有关，因此颗粒直径可能约为70 m[mu]。
The sedimentation behavior of influenza virus in dilute solns. of electrolyte was found to be quite variable. At times the virus activity appeared to sediment at a rate comparable with that of particles about 80 to 120 m[mu] in diam., at other times at a rate comparable with that of particles about 10 m[mu] in diam., and at still other times the bulk of the activity appeared to sediment at a rate comparable with that of the larger particles and the residual activity at a rate comparable with that of the smaller particles. However, in the presence of sucrose density gradient, the virus activity was always found to sediment with a rate comparable to that of particles about 80-120 m.[mu] in diam.; hence it appeared that the variable sedimentation behavior in dilute electrolyte soln. was due to convection or mechanical disturbances during centrifugation. About 30% of the high molecular wt. protein present in the allantoic fluid of chick embryos infected with the F 12 strain of influenza virus was found to consist of a component having a sedimentation constant of about 30 S, and hence a probable particle diam. of about 10 m[mu]. The residual protein of high mol. wt. was present in the form of a component having a sedimentation constant of about 600 S, and hence a probable particle diam. of about 70 m[mu]. The proportion of the 30 S component in allantoic fluid of chick embryos infected with the PR8 strain of influenza virus was found to be considerably less. The 600 S and 30 S components of F 12 allantoic fluid were purified and separated by differential centrifugation. The purified prepns. of the 600 S component were found to possess a specific virus activity from 100 to over 10,000 times that of the purified prepns. of the 30 S component, the difference in activity apparently depending only on the degree of frac-tionation of the 2 components. The purified 30 S component was found to sediment normally in the presence of 12% sucrose; the small residual virus activity of such prepns. was found to sediment in the presence of a sucrose density gradient with a rate comparable to that of much heavier particles. It is concluded that influenza virus activity is not associated with material having a particle diam. of about 10 m[mu], but is associated solely with material having a sedimentation constant of about 600 S and hence a probable particle diam. of about 70 m[mu].