Technological advances in preclinical meta-research.
Technological advances in preclinical meta-research.
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临床前元研究的技术进步。
DOI：
10.1136/bmjos-2020-100131
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Liao J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bannach-Brown A;Hair K;Bahor Z;Soliman N;Macleod M;Liao J
元研究是一个涉及研究本身的科学领域。自20世纪80年代以来，它已被应用于临床试验，但直到最近十年才成为临床前领域的一门新兴学科。元研究的主要工具是系统综述，它使用预定义的方法来提供与研究问题相关的证据的透明和全面的总结。系统综述被定义为“使用明确的、系统的方法来整理和综合研究结果的综述，这些研究结果解决了一个明确制定的问题”。2系统评价允许对方法和报告的全面性进行评估，以分析可重复性的可能性和可翻译到后续研究领域的潜力，并可以调查激励措施对初步研究的影响。反过来，这使得我们能够更严格地理解是什么使研究可靠，以及如何改进研究，3同时为未来的研究推动基于证据的决策。系统审查通常包括几个步骤。在开始系统评价之前，建议作者团队制定一个方案，其中定义了研究问题和将用于进行、分析和报告评价结果的方法。研究问题决定了完成综述所需要的资源，研究问题越广，研究领域越大，综述所需要的资源就越多。开发搜索策略是为了尽可能多地识别潜在的相关文献，通常涉及多个数据库的搜索。在数据库搜索之后，重复数据删除（如果搜索具有重叠覆盖的多个数据库），将筛选唯一的搜索结果以包含或排除。全文检索可以在标题和摘要引文筛选之前或之后进行。元数据
Metaresearch is a scientific field involving the study of research itself. It has been applied to clinical trials since the 1980s, 1 but has only become an emerging discipline over the last decade in the preclinical field. The primary tool of metaresearch is the systematic review, which uses predefined methods to provide a transparent and comprehensive summary of the evidence relating to a research question. A systematic review is defined as ‘a review that uses explicit, systematic methods to collate and synthesize findings of studies that address a clearly formulated question’. 2 Systematic reviews allow for evaluation of methods and comprehensiveness of reporting, to assay likelihood of reproducibility and potential for translatability to subsequent domains of research and can investigate the impact of incentives on primary research. This, in turn, allows for a more rigorous understanding of what makes research reliable, and how research can be improved, 3 while driving evidence-based decisions for future research. 4 5Systematic reviews typically comprise several steps. Before beginning a systematic review, it is recommended that the author team develop a protocol, which defines the research question and the methods that will be used to conduct, analyse and report the findings of the review. The research question determines the resources required to complete the review, the broader the question and the larger the field the more resource intensive a review will be. The search strategy is developed to identify as much potentially relevant literature as possible, often involving searching of multiple databases. Following database searches, deduplication (if searching multiple database with overlapping coverage), the unique search results are screened for inclusion or exclusion. Full-text retrieval may be conducted before or after title and abstract citation screening. Metadata