Quantitative Tissue Spectroscopy of Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanosensor Implants.
Quantitative Tissue Spectroscopy of Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanosensor Implants.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1166/jbn.2016.2237
复制
发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Strano MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iverson NM;Bisker G;Farias E;Ivanov V;Ahn J;Wogan GN;Strano MS
可植入的近红外（nIR）荧光纳米传感器对于生物分析物的体内监测是有利的，因为它们可以对特定目标分子具有选择性，同时利用它们独特的光学性质和nIR组织透明窗口用于信息传递，而无需内部电源或遥测。然而，基本的问题仍然是关于最佳的封装平台，几何特性，并通过生物组织的有效信噪比所需的浓度范围。在这项工作中，我们系统地探索这些变量定量优化性能的光学纳米传感器的生物医学应用。我们调查藻酸盐和聚乙二醇（PEG）作为模型水凝胶系统，封装d（GT）15 ssDNA包裹的单壁碳纳米管（SWNT）作为模型荧光纳米颗粒传感器，响应核黄素。水凝胶传感器植入0.5 mm厚的组织样品中导致初始荧光强度降低50%，在10 mg L-1的SWNT浓度和80 mW的785 nm激光激发和30 s曝光下，藻酸盐和PEG凝胶在组织中的光学检测极限分别为5.4 mm和5.1 mm。这些发现得到了皮下植入小鼠的SWNT水凝胶的体内nIR荧光成像的支持。对于单壁碳纳米管的情况下，我们发现，海藻酸盐系统是优选的发射强度，传感器响应，流变学特性，和保质期。
Implantable, near infrared (nIR) fluorescent nanosensors are advantageous for in vivo monitoring of biological analytes since they can be rendered selective for particular target molecule while utilizing their unique optical properties and the nIR tissue transparency window for information transfer without an internal power source or telemetry. However, basic questions remain regarding the optimal encapsulation platform, geometrical properties, and concentration ranges required for effective signal to noise ratio through biological tissue. In this work, we systematically explore these variables quantitatively to optimize the performance of such optical nanosensors for biomedical applications. We investigate both alginate and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as model hydrogel systems, encapsulating d(GT)15 ssDNA-wrapped single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) as model fluorescent nanoparticle sensors, responsive to riboflavin. Hydrogel sensors implanted 0.5 mm into thick tissue samples cause 50% reduction of initial fluorescence intensity, allowing an optical detection limit of 5.4 mm and 5.1 mm depth in tissue for alginate and PEG gels, respectively, at a SWNT concentration of 10 mg L−1, and 785 nm laser excitation of 80 mW and 30 s exposure. These findings are supported with in vivo nIR fluorescent imaging of SWNT hydrogels implanted subcutaneously in mice. For the case of SWNT, we find that the alginate system is preferable in terms of emission intensity, sensor response, rheological properties, and shelf life.