Loving the alien? Citizenship, law, and the future in South Africa’s demonic society
Loving the alien? Citizenship, law, and the future in South Africa’s demonic society
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爱外星人？南非恶魔社会的公民身份、法律和未来
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发表时间：
2010
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通讯作者：
L. Landau
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作者：
L. Landau
2008 年 5 月，南非发生了两周令人震惊的针对外国人和其他可疑外来者的致命袭击事件。本文结合南非治国方略的悠久历史来理解暴力事件，南非治国方略既引发了冲突，又阻碍了解决冲突的努力。特别是，它描述了数十年来控制政治和物理空间的话语和制度努力如何产生了该国现在必须与之抗争的两个恶魔。第一个是感知到的内部敌人：一群无定形的局外人，本质上具有威胁性，通常与其他人难以区分，而且实际上不可能在空间上排除。第二个恶魔存在于一个准备大肆杀戮以清除那些阻碍该国后种族隔离复兴的人的社会中。对于许多袭击事件的幕后黑手或同情袭击事件的人来说，控制国内和跨境人员流动对于南非的安全、繁荣和民族自我实现仍然至关重要。政治领导人现在面临两难境地：向外来者和其他外国人提供合法身份和宪法承诺的保护，可能会被他们帮助创建的邪恶且明显暴力的社会视为背叛国家计划。
In May 2008, South Africa witnessed two shocking weeks of deadly attacks on foreigners and other suspect outsiders. This article makes sense of the violence with reference to an extended history of South African statecraft that both induced the conflict and hamstrung efforts to address it. In particular, it describes how decades of discursive and institutional efforts to control political and physical space have generated two demons with which the country must now contend. The first is a perceived enemy within: an amorphously delimited group of outsiders that is inherently threatening, often indistinguishable from others, and effectively impossible to exclude spatially. The second demon rests in a society prepared to kill to rid itself of those retarding the country’s post-Apartheid renaissance. For many of those behind the attacks or empathizing with them, controlling the movement of people within the country and across its borders remains essential to security, prosperity, and South Africa’s national self-realization. Political leaders now face a dilemma: extending legal identities and constitutionally promised protections to outsiders and other foreigners risks being seen as betraying the national project by the demonic and visibly violent society they have helped create.