Interacting Supernovae: Types IIn and Ibn
Interacting Supernovae: Types IIn and Ibn
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-21846-5_38
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Smith
超新星（SNe），显示出强烈的冲击相互作用的证据，其喷出物和预先存在的，较慢的拱星物质（CSM）构成了一个有趣的，多样的，仍然知之甚少的爆炸瞬态类别。它们非常有趣的主要原因是它们告诉我们，在恒星死亡的一个子集中，祖先星星可能在爆炸前的几年、几十年或几个世纪变得非常不稳定。这是标准恒星演化模型中没有包括的东西，但可能会显着改变演化的最终产物和产量，并使我们将SNe映射到它们的祖先的尝试变得复杂。它们有趣的另一个原因是CSM相互作用是产生明亮瞬变的有效引擎，允许由正常SN爆炸能量产生超亮瞬变，并允许由次能量爆炸或低放射性产额产生正常SN亮度的瞬变。CSM相互作用使快速喷出物以明亮的激波发射，模糊了我们对潜在爆炸的正常看法，并且相互作用的辐射流体动力学模型具有挑战性。CSM相互作用也可能是高度非球形的，可能与祖细胞系统中的二元相互作用有关。在某些情况下，这些并发症使得很难明确区分核心塌陷或热核爆炸，或者区分非终端喷发，失败的SN或弱SN。努力揭示个体事件的物理参数和与可能的祖星的联系，使其成为一个快速发展的主题，继续挑战恒星演化的范式。
Supernovae (SNe) that show evidence of strong shock interaction between their ejecta and pre-existing, slower circumstellar material (CSM) constitute an interesting, diverse, and still poorly understood category of explosive transients. The chief reason that they are extremely interesting is because they tell us that in a subset of stellar deaths, the progenitor star may become wildly unstable in the years, decades, or centuries before explosion. This is something that has not been included in standard stellar evolution models, but may significantly change the end product and yield of that evolution, and complicates our attempts to map SNe to their progenitors. Another reason they are interesting is because CSM interaction is an efficient engine for making bright transients, allowing super-luminous transients to arise from normal SN explosion energies, and allowing transients of normal SN luminosities to arise from sub-energetic explosions or low radioactivity yield. CSM interaction shrouds the fast ejecta in bright shock emission, obscuring our normal view of the underlying explosion, and the radiation hydrodynamics of the interaction is challenging to model. The CSM interaction may also be highly non-spherical, perhaps linked to binary interaction in the progenitor system. In some cases, these complications make it difficult to definitively tell the difference between a core-collapse or thermonuclear explosion, or to discern between a non-terminal eruption, failed SN, or weak SN. Efforts to uncover the physical parameters of individual events and connections to possible progenitor stars make this a rapidly evolving topic that continues to challenge paradigms of stellar evolution.