Potential application of a triaxial three-dimensional fabric (3-DF) as an implant.
Potential application of a triaxial three-dimensional fabric (3-DF) as an implant.
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三轴三维织物（3-DF）作为植入物的潜在应用。
DOI：
10.1016/s0142-9612(97)00152-x
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
14
通讯作者：
H. Kawarada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Shikinami;H. Kawarada
已经开发了具有三轴三维（3A-3D）结构的各种三维织物（3-DF），其中经纱、纬纱和垂直纤维使用可以是几种纤维中的一种的单根长纤维以正交、偏角、圆柱形或复合纤维排列三维取向。在不同的外力作用下，这些织物的物理强度和行为进行了测量，如压缩，拉伸和循环弯曲，压缩扭转和压缩拉伸系统的应力-应变关系，以评估在一个较长的时间内由活体运动引起的连续加载的效果。3-DF导致向下凸的“J”形曲线的应力-应变曲线，因为它们是显着的灵活性在低应变水平，但成为刚性的应变增加。在这种行为中，它们反映了天然软骨的行为，而不是传统的人工生物材料的行为。还有一些3-DF显示出与天然椎间盘在压缩-拉伸循环应力方面具有非常相似的机械强度和行为的滞后损失曲线，并且即使在100，000次变形循环后也显示出与第一个“J”形滞后曲线几乎没有变化。因此，已经表明，毫无疑问，3-DF可以是具有设计和机械生物相容性以及长期植入活体所需的耐久性的有效植入物。采用电晕放电处理和喷涂未烧结羟基磷灰石粉末的方法，对3A-3D编织结构纤维超高分子量聚乙烯复丝表面生物惰性线性低密度聚乙烯涂层进行表面改性，分别赋予其化学（表面）相容性和生物活性。由于3-DF的改性表面被确定与模拟体液具有亲和性和活性，因此将正交3-DF块植入家兔胫骨中。在植入后4周，可以观察到足够的周围组织进入3-DF的纹理空间，并且在8周时使块从骨上断裂所需的载荷达到高值。这些结果决定性地表明，3-DF还可以通过结构纤维的表面改性获得化学（表面）和生物生物相容性以及与骨和软组织的结合能力。3-DF在作为新型有效的人工关节软骨、椎间盘、椎间盘、骨接合材料和假体等方面具有一定的应用潜力。
Various three-dimensional fabrics (3-DFs) woven with a triaxial three-dimensional (3A-3D) structure in which the warps, wefts and vertical fibres are three-dimensionally orientated with orthogonal, off-angle, cylindrical or complex fibre alignments using a single long fibre, which may be one of several kinds of fibres, have been developed. The physical strengths and behaviour of these fabrics under different external forces were measured for such stress–strain relationships as compressive, tensile and cyclic bending, compressing torsional and compressive tensile systems to evaluate the effect of the continuous loading caused by living body movements over a long period of time. The 3-DFs led to downward convex ‘J’-shaped curves in stress–strain profiles, because they were markedly flexible at low strain levels, but became rigid as strain increased. In this behaviour they reflected the behaviour of natural cartilage rather than that of conventional artificial biomaterials. There were also some 3-DFs that showed hysteresis loss curves with quite similar mechanical strengths and behaviour to natural intervertebral discs with regard to the compressive-tensile cyclic stress and showed little variation from the first ‘J’-shaped hysteresis profile even after 100, 000 deformation cycles. Accordingly, it has been shown that, without a doubt, 3-DFs can be effective implants possessing both design and mechanical biocompatibilities as well as the durability necessary for long-term implantation in the living body. The surface of bioinert linear low-density polyethylene coating on multifilaments of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, a constructional fibre of 3A-3D weaving, was modified by treatment with corona-discharge and spray-coating of unsintered hydroxyapatite powder to impart chemical (surface) compatibility and biological activity, respectively. Since the modified surface of the 3-DF was ascertained to have affinity and activity with simulated body fluid, an orthogonal 3-DF block was implanted in the tibia of a rabbit. Sufficient surrounding tissues entering into the textural space of the 3-DF could be observed at 4 weeks after implantation and the load necessary to break the block away from the bone reached a high value at 8 weeks. These results decisively showed that the 3-DFs could also acquire chemical (surface) and biological biocompatibilities and bonding capacity with bone and soft tissues through modification of the surface of the constructional fibre. The 3-DFs have definite potential in such applications as novel and effective artificial articular cartilages, intervertebral discs, menisci and materials for osteosynthesis and prosthesis, and the like.